The New England Colonies
This group, seeking religious freedom, founded Plymouth Colony in 1620
Who are the Pilgrims?
This colony was founded by William Penn as a haven for Quakers and emphasized religious tolerance.
What is Pennsylvania?
This colony was established as a place for debtors and as a buffer against Spanish Florida.
What is Georgia?
This group, brought to America against their will, worked as laborers, especially on plantations in the Southern Colonies.
Who are enslaved Africans?
This was the first representative assembly in the American colonies, established in Virginia in 1619.
What is the House of Burgesses?
This was the first written framework of government in the colonies, created by the Pilgrims.
What is the Mayflower Compact?
The Middle Colonies were known as the “breadbasket” colonies because they grew large amounts of this type of crop.
What are grains?
This cash crop became crucial to the economy of Virginia and other Southern colonies.
What is tobacco?
Colonial society was divided into classes, with this class consisting of wealthy landowners and merchants.
What is the gentry or upper class?
These documents were granted by the English monarch, giving colonies the right to govern themselves and make laws.
What are charters?
This New England colony was founded by Roger Williams after he was expelled from Massachusetts for his beliefs on religious freedom.
What is Rhode Island?
This Middle Colony was originally settled by the Dutch before being taken over by the English.
What is New York?
The economy in the Southern Colonies heavily relied on this system, which used enslaved people for labor on large farms.
What is the plantation system?
This labor system required workers to work for a set number of years in exchange for passage to America.
What is indentured servitude?
This principle stated that colonial governments were subject to the will of the English monarch and Parliament.
What is royal control or royal authority?
The economy in the New England colonies relied heavily on these two types of industries due to the region’s rocky soil and harsh winters.
What are fishing and shipbuilding?
This group of colonies had a more diverse population than the New England colonies, including many different religious and ethnic groups.
What are the Middle Colonies?
This law, passed in Maryland, was an early attempt to guarantee freedom of worship for Christians.
What is the Maryland Toleration Act?
These schools in New England taught basic reading, writing, and arithmetic and were funded by towns as early forms of public education.
What are grammar schools?
In this type of colony, the monarch granted control to one or more proprietors who had full governing rights.
What is a proprietary colony?
This document, signed by the Pilgrims, set up a government and promised the colony would be self-governed for the common good.
What is the Mayflower Compact?
This influential leader received land from King Charles II and used it to establish a colony promoting equality and religious freedom.
Who is William Penn?
This crop, alongside tobacco, became an important cash crop in the Carolinas and required intensive labor.
What is rice?
These trade laws passed by England were designed to ensure that the colonies only traded with England, ensuring England benefitted economically.
What are the Navigation Acts?
This form of government in New England towns allowed residents to gather and make decisions directly.
What is town meeting or direct democracy?