Basics
What is the generic name for Coumadin?
Warfarin
The most serious adverse effect of warfarin?
hemorrhage
Name one antibiotic that increases warfarin effect
trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
What lab should be checked before giving warfarin?
PT/INR
Can patients on warfarin play contact sports?
No, risk of bleeding
What lab test is used to monitor warfarin?
PT/INR
A rare complication causing painful purple toes?
Purple toe syndrome
Why should aspirin be avoided?
increases bleeding risk
What should a nurse do if INR is 5.0?
Hold dose and notify provider
Why should patients wear a medical alert bracelet?
identifies anticoagulant use in emergencies
What is the antidote for warfarin?
Vitamin K
Common mild side effect
nausea or abdominal cramps
Alcohol can increase or decrease warfarin's effect
both
When should warfarin be taken (time of day)?
At the same time daily (usually evening)
Can patients take herbal supplements freely?
No may interact (ginkgo, garlic, St John's wort)
What is the usual therapeutic INR range?
2.0-3.0 or 2.5-3.5 for mechanical valves
Sign of internal bleeding a patient may report?
black tarry stools
What dietary vitamin directly affects warfarin?
Vitamin K
What should a nurse assess for every shift in a patient on warfarin?
signs of bleeding (gums, urine, stools, bruising)
Should warfarin be doubled if a dose is missed?
no never double doses
What route is warfarin given?
oral
Why should patients use a soft toothbrush?
to prevent gum bleeding
Name a common NSAID that interacts with warfarin
ibuprofen
Consistency of vitamin K intake
What kind of razor should patients use?
electric razor