Intramolecular & Intermolecular Forces
What type of bond holds one molecule of water together?
Covalent bond, meaning the hydrogen and oxygen are sharing the electrons.
The oxygen of a water molecule has a partial negative charge; the hydrogens have a partial positive charge. Is water nonpolar or polar?
Water is polar because oxygen and hydrogen have different electronegativity values.
Water is very good at dissolving substances, meaning it is a good ____.
Solvent
Attraction between two different substances such as glass and water is known as ____.
Adhesion
Sugar dissolves in water. Is sugar hydrophilic or hydrophobic? Give definition of the correct term.
Hydrophilic, water loving.
Is solid water less or more dense than liquid water?
Less Dense
The attraction between two like things is known as ____.
Cohesion
Would a nonpolar molecule would be hydrophobic or hydrophilic? Give definition of correct term.
Hydrophobic, water fearing.
The property of the surface of a liquid that allows it to resist an external force, due to the cohesive nature of its molecules.
Surface tension
The positive pull of the hydrogen atoms bonds to the negative pull of the oxygen atom of a different water molecule. This type of bonding is known as ___ .
Hydrogen Bonding
What happens when a substance cannot overcome the strong cohesive forces of water?
The substance will not dissolve in water. (Hydrophobic)
Water has a high heat capacity, what does this mean?
It takes more energy to increase the temperature of water as compared to other substances.
The movement of water within the spaces of porus material due to the forces of adhesion, cohesion, and surface tension is known as ___.
Capillary Action
How does a polar, hydrophilic substance dissolve in water?
The polarity of hydrophilic substances is stronger than the cohesive forces of the water and is able to break the hydrogen bonds that hold the water molecules together. The water will now hydrogen bond around the polar substances.
What is the principle behind sweating?
When your body's hot, the water molecules on your skin are excited and their hydrogen bonds break allowing them to be evaporated. When they escape, they take the heat energy with them.