Atoms, Ions and Molecules
Properties of Water
Chemical Reactions
Enzymes
Biological Connections
100
Atoms are the smallest unit that contains the same characteristics of this:
What is an element?
100
A molecule that can dissolve ions. (For example, blood plasma).
What is a polar molecule?
100
The molecules or atoms that bond together in a chemical reaction.
What are the reactants?
100
The function of this biomolecule is to lower the activation energy of a chemical reaction.
What is an enzyme/catalyst?
100
This enzyme assists in digestion of a carbohydrate, amylose, and is present in saliva.
What is amylase?
200
The location of the protons of the atom
What is the nucleus?
200
Water is a polar molecule because...
Oxygen is more electronegative (greedy for electrons) and thus creates a slight negative charge (pole) and Hydrogens have a slight positive charge.
200
This causes bonds to form or break during a reaction.
What is bond energy?
200
The name of the molecules/atoms that bond with the enzyme to form/break new molecules during a reaction.
What is the substrate?
200
Lipase, which is secreted into the stomach during digestion, is...
What is an enzyme that digests lipids (fats)?
300
Atoms of the same element that have different number of neutrons.
What are isotopes?
300
A bond between the oxygens in a water molecule and the hydrogens of another water molecule that causes water cohesion.
What is hydrogen bond?
300
Activation energy is.
What is the energy a system/reaction must absorb in order to begin the chemical reaction.
300
Enzyme-substrate specificity declares that enzymes must...
What is exactly match their substrate in order to work?
300
Enzymes are extremely important to biological processes because without them chemical reactions in organisms would...
What is take too long to occur and could cause death.
400
This determines how many covalent bonds that an atom can form. For example, Carbon can form 4.
What is the number of valence electrons? (Carbon needs four more valence electrons to complete its octet).
400
The heat required to raise the temperature of the unit mass of a given substance by a given amount (usually one degree).
What is specific heat?
400
Chemical reaction where products have a higher energy than the reactants.
What is an endothermic reaction?
400
This term for the function of enzymes comes from the Greek word meaning "to dissolve".
What is catalyst?
400
Jenna's favorite breakfast food, papaya, contains significant amounts of the enzyme, papain (a protease). What substances does papain help digest?
What are proteins?
500
The bond that requires the greatest energy to break.
What is a covalent bond?
500
The quality of "sticking together" of water.
What is cohesion?
500
When a chemical reaction reaches a state where concentrations of reactants and products have no net change over time.
What is equilibrium?
500
An analogy for substrates and enzymes that illustrates how they interact.
What is lock and key?
500
DAILY DOUBLE!!! These two "ideal conditions" must be regulated in order for enzymatic function to be highest/most successful.
What are pH and temperature?
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