Fresh Water Supply
Amount of countries facing freshwater scarcity stress
<30
What are 2 solutions to deducting water loss
fix water leaks
recycle water in industry
rais ewter prices
use drip irrigation
redesign manufacturing processes to use less water
Three ways to convert sewer water into drinking water
micro filtration
reverse osmosis
uv light
Percent of worlds fresh water supply lost to inefficient use
<50%
best way to reduce water pollution
prevent it
What is the calculation that compares freshwater availability with the amount used by humans
freshwater scarcity stress
which irrigation method is the most efficient
central pivot
2 ways to reduce water use and waste
repair leaks
use drip irrigation
take short showers
use water saving appliances
wash only full loads of cloths
water lawns and gardens with gray water
What can we use gray water for
Flush away waste
water lawns
irrigate nonfood crops
clean equipment
What are 2 contaminants in the ovceans
• Urban and industrial runoff
What are aquifers
underground bodies of rock that absorb and hold flowing water
Desalination is
expensive
solving what issue will create a cascading effect of solving many of the worlds issues
poverty
How can we use fresh water more sustainably
reducing waste
slowing population growth
protecting water ecosystems
raising prices
What are 2 processes for sewage treatment
Physical/mechanical
biological
health
environmental
What does over pumping do
limits food production
raises food prices
widens income gap
2 solutions for reducing irrigation water loss
avoid growing thirsty crops in dry areas
irrigate with treated wastewater
import water intensive crops and meats
monitor soil moisture
Irrigate at night
3 types of irrigation techniques
central pivot
drip irrigation
gravity flow
Where does wastewater travel after treatment
through gravel into soil
What path does ground water travel in
downward trhough spaces in soil and rocks
2 disadvantages of dams/reservoirs
displace millions of people
disrupt ecosystems
impair ecosystem services
only useful for ~50 years
percent of pollution that originates on land
80
Single largest use of domestic fresh water
toilet flushing
2 sustainable ways to reduce water pollution
• Find substitutes for toxic pollutants.