Surface Water
The percentage of water on Earth that is fresh
2.5-3%
What is a tributary?
feeder stream that flows into a main river
What is bed load?
large, coarser sand, gravel, and pebbles that move along the bottom
Chemical symbol for water
H2O
_____ and ________ use the greatest amount of water
What is a divide?
Ridges or elevated regions of high ground that separate watersheds
Four factors that affect channel erosion
Stream load, velocity, discharge, gradient
3 largest oceans
Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian
A balanced water budget means
Precipitation is equal to evaporation
Underwater deposit of sediment at the mouth of a river or stream
what are two ways we control flooding?
Artificial levees and dams
The source of energy for the hydrologic cycle
Sun
What does wastewater treatment do?
removes as much suspended solids as possible before the remaining water, called effluent, is discharged back to the environment
Three main parts of a watershed
headwaters, channel, mouth
Stream piracy occurs when...
a stream or river is diverted from its own bed and flows down the bed of a neighboring stream
The movement of water down through the earth’s surface
infiltration
List at least 3 non-point source pollutants
Ex:Sedimentation, stormwater runoff, arsenic in water, human-induced pollutants
Please describe the differences between a youthful and mature river
Youthful:
Straight, erodes rapidly, V-shaped, few tributaries, has waterfalls and rapids
Mature:
Winding, slow erosion, U-shaped, lots of tributaries, and can hold a lot of water
The opposite of erosion is
deposition
The percentage of the human body composed of water
Roughly 60%