Functions
This vitamin forms the coenzymes FMN and FAD which are necessary in oxidation reactions of energy metabolism
What is Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)?
Symptoms of deficiency of these 3 water-soluble vitamins include increased risk of cardiovascular disease due to increased homocysteine levels
What are Vitamin B6, Vitamin B12 and Folate
This vitamin is essential in the reaction of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA
What is Thiamin (Vitamin B1)?
Substance that protects against free radical attacks
What are antioxidants?
This vitamin is necessary to form oxaloacetate and is known to be beneficial for hair and skin health
What is Biotin (Vitamin B7)?
Deficiency of this vitamin presents symptoms including redness and swelling of the lining of the mouth and throat; cracks or sores on the outsides of the lips and at the corners of the mouth; inflammation and redness of the tongue; sore throat; moist, scaly skin; and inflammation. It may also contribute to migraines
What is riboflavin (vitamin B2)?
The synthetic form of this vitamin is more bioavailable than natural sources, as the synthetic form contains monoglutamate which is easier to metabolize
What is Folate (Vitamin B9)?
a non-protein compound that is bound to another protein which is required for the protein's biological activity
What is a co-enzyme?
This vitamin is essential for the synthesis of collagen which forms string connective tissue
What is Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid)?
Deficiency of this vitamin can lead to macrocytic anemia and neural tube defect
What is Folate (Vitamin B9)?
This vitamin is essential for the synthesis of the coenzyme NADH that is essential in energy metabolism as it shuttles electrons (hydrogens) to the electron transport chain
What is Niacin (vitamin B3)?
The rate at and the extent to which a nutrient is absorbed and used
What is bioavailability?
This nutrient is necessary for the production of VLDLs in the liver
What is Choline?
Deficiency of this vitamin causes Beriberi
What is Thiamin (Vitamin B1)?
This Vitamin is a precursor for CoA
What is Pantothenic acid: Vitamin B5?
Compounds that can be converted into active vitamins
What are Precursors or provitamins?
This vitamin is involved with folate metabolism; along with folate, maintains optimal homocysteine levels; is responsible for preservation of the myelin sheath around neurons; is essential for red blood cell maturation; and supports synthesis of neurotransmitters.
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)?
Deficiency of this vitamin causes Pellagra which is associated with the 4 Ds
What is Niacin (Vitamin B3)?
This vitamin is necessary in the transamination process to synthesize nonessential amino acids
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)?
This a form of anemia that means destructive and reflects a Vitamin B12 deficiency caused by lack of intrinsic factor
What is pernicious anemia?