Mystery 1 - Earth's Surface
Fresh water makes up what percentage of the Earth's surface?
1%
Rain seeps into the ground and collects in the spaces between rocks. This groundwater is called an ____________.
aquifer
The process of water vapor condensing as a cloud and then falling back to Earth as precipitation is called ________________.
The Water Cycle
This is the greatest threat from a hurricane.
Flooding
Rain, sleet, snow and hail are all examples of _____________________.
precipitation
Salt water makes up what percentage of the Earth's surface?
88%
To reach an aquifer, you will have to dig or drill a ________.
well
This causes the oceans to become heated.
Sun
Flooding occurs in _______ elevations.
low
When a liquid vaporizes into a gas.
evaporation
Frozen water makes up what percentage of the Earth's surface?
11%
Gravel and _______ make for good places to dig a well because water can seep through these spaces easily.
sand
Condensation happens when water vapor is exposed to _________ temperatures
cold
What engineering has been developed to keep rivers from overflowing into low area?
Levy
When a gas changes back to a liquid.
condensation
We can last about ________ days without drinking fresh water.
3
Which kind of tree roots are a sign of a good aquifer: short or long?
long - long roots are a sign that water is has seeped in and is stored below the ground.
Evaporation happens when liquid water is exposed to _________ temperatures
warm (hot)
How do strong winds cause flooding?
They cause storm surge - waves pushed on to shore from the ocean.
A ___________ is any type of ground or rock that has small holes (pores) which can hold water
aquifer
The average family in the US uses over ________ gallons of water each day.
60
What is keeping an aquifer from draining into the center of the Earth?
bedrock - a solid layer of Earth with no holes
Put these in the correct sequence of events:
precipitation falls sun warms surface water
cold sky condenses vapor vapor rises
water begins to vaporize clouds form
1. sun warms surface water 2. water begins to vaporize 3. vapor rises 4. cold sky condenses vapor 5. clouds form 6. precipitation falls
Name 4 engineered structures that can help protect an area from damaging floods from a hurricane.
1. Levy 2. Sea Wall 3. Stilts 4. wetlands
A ________ is a simpler version of something in the real world, used by scientists to help them better understand how something works
model