WAVES
What is the bottom of a wave called?
Trough
What causes surface currents?
prevailing winds
What is a circular flow of water between continents?
what is a gyre?
The rise and fall of water daily.
Tides
What are the two MONTHLY tides?
Spring and Neap tide.
What is another name for the ocean floor?
the abyssal plain
What causes land formations such as sea stacks, sea arches, and sea caves along a coastline?
erosion
What is the general name for trade winds, easterlies, and westerlies?
Prevailing winds
What is the top part of a wave called?
Crest
Warm water currents such as the Gulf Stream move water from ________________ to _______________.
Equator to the poles
What is a circular flow of water in a bay or smaller body of water
what is an Eddy?
What is the greatest influence on the movement of ties?
The moon's gravitational pull.
Which monthly tide is strong?
Spring
What ocean feature could have been formed by water running off the continental shelf or a turbidity current?
Submarine canyon
potable
What is the disruption in a material that carries energy through the material?
What is a wave
What is the crest to crest or trough to trough of a wave called?
Wavelength
90% of the currents in the ocean are deep water currents. There are two major types of currents in the ocean, what is the other type of current?
Surface currents.
What causes the movement of deep-ocean currents?
The change in temperature and salinity which affects density.
Why does the moon have a greater gravitation pull on tides that the Sun, when the Sun is the largest object in our solar system?
The moon is closer to Earth.
What is the arrangement of the Earth, moon, and Sun for a Neap tide?
Right angle
What ocean structure is where sea floor spreading occurs?
mid-ocean ridge
What is the process of removing salt from saltwater called?
desalination
Density currents are driven by what?
Gravity
What is the crest to trough of a wave called?
Wave Height
Ocean currents in the Northern hemisphere turn in which direction because of the Coriolis effect?
Clockwise
What is the flow of seawater through relatively stationary water?
current
What are the two types of DAILY tides?
High tide and low tide.
What is the arrangement for the Earth, moon, and Sun for a Spring tide?
Straight line.
What is another name for an underwater mountain or extinct volcano?
seamount
What are at least two ways that oceans are essential to life?
absorbs sun (influences weather)
home to a variety of plants and animals
provides most of earth's oxygen from phytoplankton
What two things make seawater dense?
Temperature and salinity
What causes waves?
Currents made up of cold, salty water that move very slowly deep in the ocean are called what?
Thermohaline currents
Cold, dense water that is rich in nutrients moving from the abyssal plain to the surface is called what?
What is an upwelling
Generally, how far apart are high tides and low tides?
6 hours
What monthly tide causes the highest of the high tides and lowest of the low tides?
Spring tide
What flow of water (vocabulary word from our oceanography project) is similar to an underwater mudslide?
What is a turbidity current?
What is the largest ocean basin?
Pacific
This wave increases in height as it moves through the water because the ocean becomes shallower and the energy has no where else to go but up
What is a tsunami
What is the distance over which a steady wind blows as it creates waves called?
what is the fetch
What is the downward movement of seawater that is rich in oxygen?
What is a downwelling?
This type of surface current is fast moving, perpendicular to shore, and can be dangerous to swimmers due to its speed and difficulty to escape.
Rip Current
Describe what is happening at high tide (using the vocabulary word: tidal bulge)
The moons gravity is pulling ocean water into a tidal bulge.
What monthly tide causes a lower high tide that normal and a higher low tide that normal?
Neap tide.
Guam and Hawaii are both examples of these
volcanic islands
What is the depth at which a wave no longer causes water movement?
What is the wave base
Island arcs are often found near what?
Trenches