Unit 15
Lumberjack camps were located...
In forests along bodies of water (EXPLAIN WHY THIS IS IMPORTANT)
Sports were rarely played by lower-class Canadians, why?
Wealthier people had more time for leisure (sports, hobbies). Poorer people had to work, and no time for `down time`.
Meat was rarely eaten because....
It was difficult to keep from spoiling (no refrigeration). Could be kept frozen in the winter, or preserved in salt (salt pork).
He helped to build the railway. He helped to build the Lachine Canal.
Define: Draught animal
An animal, such as an ox, used to pull heavy loads. Found on page 67
When (and why) did men and boys head to lumberjack camps?
Winter months
Farm crisis in Lower Canada- families needed the extra money during the winter months
Why were newspapers only printed once a week?
Extreme cost of paper, ink, machines, labour.
Also, very few people could read - there was no great demand for a paper every day of the week.
This food was the staple of Lower Canada`s diet.
bread
Describe the job of a blacksmith
A blacksmith worked with iron to make tools and horseshoes.
Define: Root cellar
Found on page 73
A hole in the ground used to store vegetables. Protected them from the cold in the winter and the heat in the summer (taught by Indigenous)
Why was being a lumberjack such dangerous work?
Long hours.
No medical attention.
Work conditions (weather, tackling trees, cutting trees, near water, etc.)
List 2 activities enjoyed by all people in Lower Canada.
List 2 activities enjoyed by the wealthy
1. Singing
2. Dancing
1. Going to balls, concerts
2. Going to the theatre (starting in 1825).
Wealthy French Canadians in Lower Canada had _______ make their clothes from fabric ___________ from Europe.
seamstresses or tailors
imported
Describe the job of a cooper.
A cooper was a person trained to make wooden barrels, buckets, etc. Worked with wood.
Define: Mantelet
Page 74
Short garment (piece of clothing) that covered a woman`s arms and shoulders.
Transporting the lumber could only be done in the spring, why?
The water was frozen during the winter months. When the water thawed in the spring, then the logs could be transported on the water and off to the destination
Sports were introduced to Lower Canada by.....
The British
The ceinture flechée was used by men to ____________
Keep their jacket closed tightly.
Agriculture was the #1 industry. Second was _____________. It was exported to Great Britain to make ______ and __________.
As a result, the ________________industry began in Quebec
Timber trade.
Barrels and boats.
Shipbuilding
Define Import and Export
Import - a product brought into the country. For example, the wealth French Canadians imported fabric from Europe (came to Canada FROM Europe).
Export - a product leaving the country. For example, the timber trade. Canada exported a great deal of wood to Great Britain (LEFT Canada and went to Europe).
A. river
B. Port of Quebec
C. Logging Camp
D. Atlantic Ocean
E. Great Britain
A. Logging Camp
B. River
C. Port of Quebec
D. Atlantic Ocean
E. Great Britain
Provide the origin for each sport .
1. Snowshoeing
2. Lacrosse
3. Curling
4. Cricket
1. Snowshoeing- Indigenous
2. Lacrosse- Indigenous
3. Curling- Scotland
4. Cricket- England
Describe the process of making maple syrup
1. Tap the tree
2. Sap collects in buckets
3. Sap is boiled
4. After water has evaporated, the syrup remains.
The largest business in Canada in the early 1800s was located in Saint- Maurice. It was a _________, where iron was transformed into stoves, pots, utensils, etc.
Define: Tanner
Tanner was a person who worked with hides (animal skin) to make leather.