What are forces?
What is a force?
A force is a push or a pull on an object.
What is a machine?
A machine is a device that does a task.
What were the first machines made of?
The first machines were made of stone, wood, bone, leather, and rope.
Who invented the printing press?
Johannes Gutenberg
What are two ways machines help us at home?
Machines like the fridge keep food longer and in better conditions. Washing machines make our daily tasks easier.
What are two types of forces?
Contact force and Non-Contact force.
Name three types of energy.
Mechanical energy, Electrical Energy, Light Energy, Chemical Energy
What material did people start using to improve the first machines?
Machines improved when people started using metal tools.
What did Guglielmo Marconi invent?
He created a system to send signals without cables. We were able to develop radios, televisions and mobile phones!
How have machines changed the way we work?
Machines can do difficult and dangerous jobs. Industrial robots can do the work of many people, and computers and electronic have chnaged the way we work in offices.
Give an example of a contact force and a non-contact force.
Contact force: Hitting a tennis ball with a racket.
Non-Contact: A magnet attracting a metal object.
How does a pully help us lift objects?
A pulley changes the direction of the force. Pulling down on one end of the rope to creates an upward pull on the other end.
What source of energy did the steam engines use?
Steam engines used coal for energy.
Describe the difference between the first computers and computers we have today.
The first computers were so big that they could fill an entire room. Today, computers can fit into a mobile phone. (SIZE DIFFERENCE)
How have machines improved the transport?
Machines have made it possible for products to reach every corner of the world, and people can travel long distances in short periods of time.
What are two effects that forces can have on objects?
Forces can make objects change shape. Forces can make objects start or stop moving.
Explain how an inclined plane makes it easier to move objects.
An inclined plane allows us to use LESS force to move an object but we use the force over a longer distance.
How do most machines work today? What helps them work automatically?
Today, most machines use electrical energy or fossil fuels. Computers to help program them to work automatically.
How did the steam engine change the way machines and vehicles worked?
The steam engine used energy from coal to make factory machines and vehicles work.
How have machines contributed to health improvements?
We are able to live longer and better through inventions in medical technology. Ex: X-ray, ultrasound
What effect does gravity have on objects?
Gravity is a non-contact force that attracts all objects towards the center of the Earth.
Deescribe the function of a lever and how it makes lifting objects easier.
A lever is a solid bar that turns on a fixed point of support. When we use a lever, the force we apply to one arm of the lever is increased (making it easier to lift).
How has the power source for machines changed from the earliest machines to modern machines?
The earliest machines were powered by human or animal effort. With advancements, machines started using metal tools and were powered by steam engines using coal. Today, machines use electrical energy or fossil fuels. Many can be programmed to work automatically with computers.
How did Thomas Edison and Nikola Tesla contribute to electricity?
They used their knowledge of electrical energy to advance the use and understanding of electricity. Created the lightbulb!
What is one potential consequence of the advances in technology?
Some examples include: Over-reliance on machines, loss of jobs, a negative impact on the environment