Water Cycle
What is the difference between runoff and infiltration?
Run-off is when the ground is saturated with water so the water remains on top and is carried by gravity to the nearest body of water
Infiltration is were the water goes into the ground and becomes groundwater.
What is weather?
What the atmosphere is like at a specific time and place
What is the climate?
The atmosphere conditions of an area over a long period of time
What measures temperature?
thermometer
What choices below could be placed in a section labeled climate but not really weather?
a. hurricanes, thunderstorms, and tornadoes
B. affected by latitude, altitude, and bodies of water
C. includes temperature, moisture, air pressure, and wind
D. measurements taken from thermometer, rain gauge, and barometer
B
In the water cycle, water vapor evaporates into the atmosphere and forms clouds through condensation. What happens in the atmosphere to the water in order for the clouds to form?
A. The evaporated water cools and drops get closer together.
B. The evaporated water warms up and moves closer together.
C. The sun heats the evaporated water and the water drops move faster.
D. The sun heats the evaporated water and the water drops move slower.
A
What type of air can have more water vapor in it?
What is the amount of water vapor in the air called?
Warm air and humidity
The rainforest is hot, humid, and has frequent rainfall. In what way does the interaction between the atmosphere and the hydrosphere assist in maintaining this type of climate?
A. The hydrosphere sends water to the clouds through the process of transpiration, fueling the water cycle.
B. The Sun’s rays are trapped by the atmosphere, keeping temperatures and humidity high for most of the year.
C. The Sun supplies energy for the evaporation and transpiration of water, causing frequent rainfall and hot, humid temperatures.
D. The rainforest is in close proximity to the equator, allowing the hydrosphere to release frequent rainfall, fueling the water cycle.
C
What measures the amount of precipitation?
Rain Gauge
What is the main factor that determines the global wind movement?
A. the directions of ocean currents
B. uneven landforms on Earth’s surface
C. Earth's yearly revolution around the Sun
D. uneven heating of Earth's surface by the Sun
E. Coriolis Effect
D
Condensation is part of the water cycle and also plays a role in the weather. Which of the following illustrates condensation?
A. water turning from a vapor into rain droplets
B. water turning into water vapor in an ocean or lake
C. water turning from a liquid into ice on a winter road
D. water turning from ice to liquid as salt is applied to a road
A
What are the six factors of weather? Name at least 4 to get correct!
Precipitation, Temperature, Humidity, Visibility, Wind, and Air Pressure
Regions of Earth that are near the ocean have a different climate than mountainous regions that are far from the ocean. How does the climate in these two regions most likely differ?
Mountain areas are colder due to high elevation, water tends to keep things warmer
What measures Wind speed and direction?
anemometer and wind vane
Total RAINFALL MEASUREMENTS DURING Hurricane IAN:
Time - Amount of Rainfall
6 a.m. = 5cm
12 p.m. = 11cm
6 p.m. = 18cm
12 a.m. = 25cm
What information is being given here?
Weather, Forecast, Climate or Average precipitation
the weather in in florida during hurricane ian not the climate
Describe how water goes up, comes back down, and once it hits the ground, it has two options What are they? And then if it gets to the ocean, what are the two ways that ocean currents can move?
Heat causes evaporation, then it rises and eventually cools down, then it condenses and rains, called precipitation. Once on the ground, it can infiltrate into the ground or become runoff. The ocean currents move by wind and convection.
What do
Temperature, Precipitation, Humidity, Air pressure, Wind, and visibility
mean?
Temperature - how hot or cold something is
Precipitation - how much rain, sleet, snow or hail there is in a location
Humidity - How much water vapor is filling the air
Air pressure - How much force is exerting from the air
Wind - Wind moves from high to low pressure
Visibility - How far you can see through the air
Which of the following best explains the ocean currents effect on climate?
A. Ocean currents regulate global climate, helping to counteract the even distribution of solar radiation reaching Earth’s surface
B. Ocean currents regulate global climate, helping to counteract the uneven distribution of solar radiation reaching Earth’s surface
C. Ocean currents have no effect on regulating global climate, the solar radiation reaching Earth’s surface does not affect ocean temperatures.
D. Ocean currents have no effect on regulating global climate, the distribution of solar radiation reaching Earth’s surface only affects weather and not climate factors
B
What measures humidity?
Hygrometer or Psychrometer
Zach invited his friend Sydney to a pool party over the weekend. Sydney informed Zach that the climate was supposed to be rainy over the weekend and suggested that he change his plans. Zach explained to Sydney that she had misused the word “climate” and she meant “weather.”
Who was right and why?
Zach was right because weather is a specific time and place and climate is over a long period of time
Why is fog more often seen in the morning than in the afternoon?
Water is more likely to condense under cooler conditions
Explain dew point
It is the temperature where water vapor turns back into liquid water
What do latitude, elevation, and ocean currents have to do with climate?
Latitude is how far north or south of the equator you are, the further away the less direct sunlight, meaning less heat and lower temperatures
Elevation is how high you are from sea level; the higher you go, the less air pressure and lower temperatures
Ocean current scarry heat! they spread hot currents from the equator and cold currents from the north and south poles. The warm currents make warm, humid air with more precipitation and colder water makes cooler, drier air with less precipitation usually
What measures air pressure
barometer
The Gulf Stream is a major current system in the Atlantic Ocean. It carries water from the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea along the east coast of the United States and further north along western Europe. What effect does the Gulf Stream have on towns along the east coast of the United States and the western European coastline?
A. It makes the weather much colder in towns along both coasts.
B. It makes temperatures along both coasts more mild year-round.
C. It makes the coastline towns hotter than inland towns in summer.
D. It makes temperatures dip lower at night and soar higher each day.
B Mild means not too cold or hot