Water Cycle
What process changes liquid water into water vapor that rises into the air?
evaporation
Precipitation is water that falls to Earth. Hail, rain, sleet, and snow are four types of precipitation. Which type of precipitation is most likely to occur when the cloud and air temperatures are above freezing?
rain
What is the term to describe weather conditions of an area over a long period of time?
climate
What tool measures air temperature?
thermometer
What is a large body of air with similar temperature and humidity throughout?
air mass
What is the name for water vapor cooling and changing into tiny liquid droplets?
condensation
What form of precipitation falls as ice crystals and stays ice crystals when the air is cold?
snow
Which places usually receive more direct sunlight: areas near the equator or areas near the poles?
areas near the equator
What tool measures how much rain has fallen?
Rain guage
Which air mass contains warm, moist air?
a) air mass forming over polar waters
b) air mass forming over land
c) air mass forming over tropical waters
d) air mass forming over the north pole
c) air mass forming over tropical waters
What process brings water from clouds back to Earth as rain or snow?
precipitation
Why do balls of hail have layers?
Each time a ball of hail goes up and down within a thundercloud, a layer of ice is added
How can high elevation affect a place’s temperature?
As elevation increases, temperatures are cooler
What tool measures air pressure?
barometer
Cumulonimbus clouds are associated with what type of weather?
thunderstorms
The ocean is connected to all of Earth's water reservoirs via what two processes?
evaporation and precipitation
The type of precipitation depends on the _________ of clouds and the ____________ of the air between the clouds and the ground.
temperature
How can living near a large body of water affect a place’s temperature?
Water warms and cools more slowly than land, often making nearby temperatures less extreme
What tool measures wind speed?
anemometer
A high pressure system is over the area. What might someone take to the park?
a) raincoat
b) sunglasses
c) snow boots
d) umbrella
b) sunglasses
What two main energy sources or forces keep water moving through the water cycle?
Energy from the sun and gravity
During a storm, the air is warm near the ground but very cold higher up. Ice pellets fall after raindrops pass through the cold air. What form of precipitation is this?
sleet
A town is near the equator, high in the mountains, and far from the ocean. How might its latitude, elevation, and distance from water each affect its climate?
There will be a warm influence from low latitude, cooler temperatures from high elevation, and less ocean influence because the town is far from the sea.
A meteorologist wants to know which way the wind is blowing and whether humidity is rising. Which two tools should be used?
wind vane and hygrometer
If one side of a mountain receives a lot of rainfall, what type of environment would you expect to find on the opposite side?
A dry or desert-like environment because of the rain shadow effect