Weathering Process
What are the two types of weathering processes?
Mechanical & Chemical
Mechanical and chemical weathering generally works at what speed?
Slow
What is defined as the layer of weathered rock fragments that cover much of Earth's surface?
Regolith
What is defined as the process by which materials of Earth's surface are loosened, dissolved, or worn away and transported from one place to another by a natural agent, such as wind, water, ice, and gravity?
Erosion.
Which type of weathering is defined by the process in which rock is broken down because of chemical interactions with the environment?
Chemical.
Which is a type of mechanical weathering process that occurs in cold climates, in which water seeps into cracks in rock and then freezes?
Ice Wedging
What is defined by softer, less weather-resistant rock which wears away and leaves harder, more resistant rock behind?
Differential Weathering
What is defined as a complex mixture of minerals, water, gases, and the remains of dead organisms?
Soil.
What is defined as the movement of a large mass of sediment or a section of land down a slope?
Mass movement
What occurs when fossil fuels are burned, in which nitrogen and sulfur are released into the air?
Acid Precipitation
New minerals form.
What is defined by the elevation and slope of the land surface?
Topography
Rock material in soil consits of 3 main types:
Clay, silt, sand
What is defined as a farming technique that accelerates soil erosion consisting of improper plowing of furrows, or long, narrow rows?
On what does the character of soil depend?
The parent rock.
What produces naturally by certain living organisms? (Ex: lichens/mosses)
Organic Acids
What are the two most important factors in determining the rate of weathering?
Amount of time rock is exposed & Amount of rock's surface area available
The color of soil is related to the composition of the soil. What does black soil say about the composition?
Organic Material
Name the 4 planting techniques to reduce erosion
Contour plowing, strip cropping, terracing, and crop rotation
What are two major opposing processes regarding erosion and landforms?
Bends/breaks/lifts Earth's crust & Weathering/Erosion
What is the change in composition of minerals when they react chemically with water?
Hydrolysis.
What 3 things things determines the rate at which rock weathers?
Rock compsition, climate, topography.
What is a cross section of the soil and its bedrock?
Soil Profile
What are three types of landforms?
mountain, plains, plateaus
What type of erosion strips away layers of topsoil.
Sheet Erosion