Weathering
Erosion
Quick Changes to Earth's Surface
Vocabulary 1
Vocabulary 2
100
Define weathering
What is when freezing and thawing, plants, wind, and pressure cause rocks to break into smaller pieces?
100
Define what causes erosion.
What is flowing water is the biggest cause of erosion? Waves, wind, and ice can also cause erosion.
100
What is gravity and how does it affect the land?
What is a pulling force between two objects? Where the Earth slopes or is angled, gravity causes rocks to move from a higher place to a lower place.
100
The natural processes that breaks down rocks without transporting them?
What is weathering?
100
The pulling force between two objects.
What is gravity?
200
Define a soil horizon
What is when, over time, layers of soil called horizons form? Each horizon has its own properties and are different from place to place.
200
Define what affects erosion.
What are: 1. Some soils and rocks erode faster than others because of their hardness 2. The size of the rock will also affect its erosion 3. The strength of the wind or water will affect the speed of erosion, and 4. plants can affect how quickly soil erodes?
200
How do landslides change the land quickly?
What is they move large amounts of rocks, soil, and other material rapidly?
200
The layer of soil that is distinct from the layers above and below it.
What is soil horizon?
200
A cup-like shape in the Earth.
What is a crater?
300
1. Define Exfoliation 2. Define Abrasion
1. What occurs when the outer layer of a rock expand more than the lower layers? This causes the outer layer to peel off. 2. What occurs when wind carries bits of sand that hit a rocks surface and cause it to wear down?
300
How can running water and waves change land?
What are: 1. Running water cut away land and carry the sediment away. 2. Waves carry sand from one place to another, and 3. Pounding waves against rock can wear the rock down or break it?
300
How do Earthquakes change the land quickly?
What is earthquakes cause a sudden shift in the land? The land can split moving large amounts of rock. Rocks, soil, and other material can be moved quickly during an earthquake.
300
1. The transportation of weathered rocks from one place to another. 2. The dropping off of weathered rock at the end of erosion?
1. What is erosion? 2. What is deposition?
300
1. A mountain that builds up around an opening in Earth's crust. 2. A place where magma has partially melted through Earth's crust.
1. What is a volcano? 2. What is a hot spot?
400
Define physical weathering and give two examples.
What is physical weathering happens when such things as wind and rock break rocks down? The physical weathering break down causes the rocks to change in size and shape. The chemicals that make up the rocks do not change. Two examples are when a tree root comes up through a rock and breaks it apart. Another example is when water drops on a rock and causes a hole.
400
How can wind change land?
What is wind can act as a sandblaster? It causes small bits of rock to be broken off and carried away. Wind can also wear down rock and change the rocks shape and size.
400
How do Volcanoes change the land quickly?
What is a volcanic eruption can change the land suddenly? Magma is released and lava and ash spreads and builds up on the land.
400
1. The processes that change the size and shape of rocks without changing them chemically. 2. What is the process in which rocks break down due to chemical changes to the minerals.
1. What is physical weathering? 2. What is chemical weathering?
400
1. A sudden shaking or trembling in Earth's crust. 2. A giant ocean wave.
1. What is an Earthquake? 2. What is a Tsunami?
500
Define chemical weathering and give two examples.
What is oxygen, acids, and carbon dioxide can react with the minerals in rock and break them down? An example of chemical weathering is when oxygen in air dissolves in water it can become rust. Rust can get on or in a rock and cause it to break apart. Another example of chemical weathering is when carbonic acid can cause a limestone cave to form.
500
How can ice change land?
What is the ice at the bottom and sides of glaciers (thick sheets of ice) freezes onto rock? As the glacier continues to move, it can tear out the rock and move it. Rocks as big as a house can be moved by a glacier.
500
1. How do floods and mudslides change the land quickly? 2. How do Tsunamis change the land quickly?
What is heavy rains bring lots of water and it can't always be absorbed by the land? When this happens, the water runs on top of the land and can cause flooding or a mudslide to occur. 2. What is Tsunamis are usually caused by earthquakes on the ocean floor. They are huge waves that can travel at great speeds and when they hit land they cause large amounts of rocks, soil, and other materials to be moved rapidly.
500
1. The outermost layer of Earth. 2. An extremely large, moving slabs of rock that form Earth's crust? 3. A break or crack in Earth's crust where two plates come together?
1. What is Earth's crust? 2. What is Earth's plates? 3. What is a fault?
500
1. The rapid, downhill movement of large amounts of rock, soil, and other materials. 2. Land that becomes too full of water and slides down a slope. 3. A flow of water over the banks of a body of water and across land?
1. What is a landslide? 2. What is a mudslide? 3. What is a flood?
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