Mechanical Weathering
The breaking down of rocks by physical processes; also known as physical weathering
Mechanical weathering
The breaking down of rocks by chemical processes
Chemical weathering
The downhill movement of rock and soil caused by gravity
Mass wasting, or movement
The wearing down of rock surfaces by other rocks or sand particles
Abrasion
Mass Wasting -- the extremely slow downhill slide of soil
soil creep
a flat area along a river formed by sediments deposited when a river overflows
floodplain
a large mass of moving ice that forms on land and remains from year to year
glacier
Water in cracks of rocks freezes and expands, widening the cracks
Ice wedging
The process in which carbon dioxide from the atmosphere or soil dissolves in water to form carbonic acid
Carbonation
The rapid downhill movement of a large mass of mud and debris
Mudflow
a soil depression scooped out by the wind
deflation hollow
Mass Wasting -- If a landslide occurs as a large block of soil and rock that slides down a concave slope
slump
water from precipitation that flows over the land
runoff
the general term for any sediment deposited by a glacier
glacial drift
Change of the _______________ of water can be responsible for mechanical weathering of rocks
Temperature
The breaking down of a substance by a chemical reaction with water; minerals are dissolved.
Hydrolysis
The rapid downhill movement of a large amount of rock and soil
Landslide
a mushroom-shaped rock formed by the erosion of the rock's base
rock pedestal
Wind and Wave Erosion -- the hard, packed ground left after all the loose soil or sand has been washed or blown away; caused by deflation
desert pavement
a narrow ditch cut in the earth by runoff
gully
unsorted rocks and sediments left behind when a glacier melts
till
How do living things contribute to mechanical weathering?
Tree roots
Burrowing animals
A chemical change in which a substance combines with oxygen; iron combines with oxygen to form rust
Oxidation
The slow movement of soil on a slope
Slump
when wind takes soil or sand from one place and deposits the particles someplace else to form either loess or dunes
wind deposition
A desert rock that is smooth on one side but rough on another side was likely shaped by ___________.
abrasion
the path that a stream follows
channel
an accumulated deposit of till
moraine
The type of rock is a factor in the rate of weathering.
True or False?
True
Process by which minerals change when they absorb water
Hydration
The main cause of mass wasting
Gravity
form of erosion n which wind carries away sand and soil particles.
Deflation
a piece of till that is not native to the place where it was deposited
erratic
Where might water slow down enough to deposit its load?
along the inside curve of a bend
on a floodplain
at a river’s mouth
a long, tear-shaped mound of till
drumlin