Earth & Space
What causes day and night on Earth?
Earth's Rotation
What is the process of breaking rock into smaller pieces?
Weathering
What type of rock forms when lava or magma cools?
What is igneous rock?
What are the large moving pieces of Earth’s crust called?
tectonic plates
What do we call a resource that can be replaced naturally over time?
Renewable Resource
What causes the moon to appear to change shape during the month?
Moon Phases
What is the movement of sediment from one place to another called?
Erosion
What type of rock forms from layers of sediment?
What is sedimentary rock?
What natural event can form a new island near plate boundaries?
volcanic eruption
Coal and oil are examples of what type of resource?
nonrenewable resources
How long does Earth take to orbit the sun?
1 year (365 days)
What is it called when sediment is dropped in a new location?
Deposition
What type of rock forms when heat and pressure change existing rock?
Metamorphic Rock
What theory explains that continents were once joined together and slowly moved apart?
continental drift
What term describes the amount of a resource used by each person?
per capita consumption
What is the main reason Earth has seasons?
Earth's tilt on it's axis
What type of weathering changes the chemical makeup of rock?
Chemical Weathering
What is molten rock called beneath Earth’s surface?
Magma
What evidence helped support the idea of continental drift?
matching fossils and rock layers on different continents
Why are natural resources unevenly distributed on Earth?
Because geologic processes form resources in specific places.
What method do astronomers use to measure distances to nearby stars by observing apparent shifts in position?
Parallax
A river carries sediment downstream and drops it near the mouth of the river, forming a delta. Which two processes are occurring?
Erosion and Deposition
Name the process that changes sediment into sedimentary rock.
Compaction and cementation
What type of plate boundary forms when two tectonic plates move away from each other?
divergent boundary
How can increasing population size affect Earth’s natural resources?
It increases resource use and can reduce resource availability.