Rocks and Weathering
How Soil Forms
Soil Conservation
Mechanical and Chemical weathering
Types of Soil
100
Weathering is the process that breaks down rock and other substances on earth. What causes weathering? a) Freezing and thawing b) Rainwater dissolving minerals in rocks c) heat d) cold e) carbon dioxide and oxygen f) All of the above
What is f) All of the above
100
The loose, weathered material on Earth's surface in which plants grow is called: a) rock b) bedrock c) soil
What is c) soil
100
Anything humans use from the natural environment is called a: a) litter b) horizon c) natural resource
What is c) natural resource
100
Which of the following is a type of mechanical weathering? a) abrasion b) plant growth c) freezing and thawing d) all of the above
What is d) all of the above
100
Soil that is made up of roughly equal parts of clay, sand, and silt is called: a) sod b) loam c) tropical soil d) subsoil
What is b) loam
200
After weathering breaks down rock, what force moves the rock by wind, water, ice, or gravity? a) uniformitarianism b) erosion c) oxidation
What is b) erosion
200
The grinding away of rock by other rock particles carried by wind, water, or ice is called a) chemical weathering b) drought c) abrasion d) bedrock
What is c) abrasion
200
Soil can be conserved in what 3 ways? a) crop rotation, weathering, and abrasion b) contour plowing, conservation plowing, and crop rotation c) contour plowing, chemical weathering, and abrasion
What is b) contour plowing, conservation plowing, and crop rotation
200
What weathering process could be similar to using sandpaper? a) acid rain b) freezing and thawing c) abrasion d) none of the above
What is c) abrasion
200
True or false. Subsoil is horizon B and is made up of clay and other particles washed down from horizon A.
What is true
300
What are the two kinds of weathering? a) abrasion and permeable b) mechanical and chemical c) oxidation and uniformitarianism
What is b) mechanical and chemical
300
Fungi, bacteria, and worms are soil a) weatherers b) litter c) materials d) decomposers
What are d) decomposers
300
What is contour plowing? a) plowing in straight even rows b) plowing along the curve of a slope to slow runoff from rain water c) plowing in zigzag rows
What is b) plowing along the curve of a slope to slow runoff from rain water
300
What happens when soil loses its fertility? a) plants can't grow, farmers leave, soil is exhausted b) Everything is fine and stays the same c) More soil is brought in
What is a) plants can't grow, farmers leave, soil is exhausted
300
True or false. The C horizon contains only partly weathered rock.
What is true
400
What is uniformitarianism? a) everyone wears the same uniform b) the same processes that operate today, operated in the past c) all plants and animals stay the same
What is b) The same processes that operate today, operated in the past
400
Decayed organic material ( plants and animals) in soil is called: a) loam b) humus c) subsoil
What is b) humus
400
Which type of conservation does not disturb the soil very much and leaves dead crops to add nutrients back to soil and hold it in place? a) contour plowing b) conservation plowing c) crop rotation
What is b) conservation plowing
400
What plant product improves fertility by putting nitrogen into soil? a) beans b) fruit c) peanuts
What are c) peanuts
400
Which soil layer is formed first? a) Horizon A b) Horizon B c) Horizon C
What is horizon C
500
What type of mechanical weathering works well in cool and cold climates? a) ice wedging b) oxidation c) dissolved by water
What is a) ice wedging
500
What is the layer of solid rock beneath soil called a) bedrock b) rocky plain c) rock shelf
What is a) bedrock
500
Which type of conservation changes crops each year to help keep nutrients in the soil? a) contour plowing b) conservation plowing c) crop rotation
What is c) crop rotation
500
When drought dried up all plants and soil, soil lost fertility, and topsoil disappeared, what was created? a) a flood b) the dust bowl c) climate change
What is b0 the dust bowl
500
What layer of soil forms 2nd? a) horizon A b) horizon B c) horizon C
What is horizon A
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