Vocabulary
Earth Processes
Landforms
Human Impact
LABS
100
What are all of the landforms of an area known as?
topography
100
Identify which earth process is being described: Rain washing away soil from a hillside.
erosion
100
What often forms at the mouth of a river when the sediments that the river has carried has settled out?
a delta
100
TRUE/FALSE. Humans can prevent erosion on a coastal cliff by the use of jetties.
FALSE
100
What type of soil is more resistance to erosion: loose soil, sticky soil, or loose soil with vegetation?
sticky soil
200
What is any physical shape of the earth's surface know as? Give three examples.
a landform --ex. = delta, hill, cliff, mountain, plateau
200
Identify which earth process is being described: Plant roots breaking rocks under the soil.
weathering
200
Name two landforms that are produced as a direct result of deposition.
beach, delta, sand dune
200
How does farming and construction affect the land? (in terms of earth processes)
increase erosion
200
From the lab on cliff erosion, indentify two ways to reduce erosion of a coastline cliff?
barriers (breakwater) and rocks (seawalls)
300
Give an example of a destructive process.
weathering or erosion
300
Identify which earth process is being described: Fast flowing water carves canyons in earth's rock.
weathering
300
How does a river flowing create a canyon?
As the water flows, it weathers down some of the rock from the edges. Then, it erodes these sediments, resulting in a steep canyon.
300
Give an example of a place where people would want to control deposition.
boat harbors
300
Which map shows the steepest hillside?
Y
400
Explain the relationship between deposition, erosion, deltas, cliffs, and beaches.
A beach is formed when erosion and deposition are in balance. However, if the rate of erosion is greater than deposition, then a cliff will form. On the other hand, if deposition is greater than erosion, then a delta will form.
400
A cliff at the ocean and a hillside away from the ocean are made of the same soil and rock material. Which place is likely to erode faster? Why?
The ocean is more likely to erode faster because the force of the ocean waves is much greater than the erosion force of only rain on the hillside.
400
Name three agents of erosion and identify the landform that is formed by each agent of erosion.
river ---- canyon/ valley ice (glacier) ----- valley (Yosemite Valley) wind ----- sand dune
400
Explain how floodplains can be a good place for farming as well as a bad place for farming.
The soil on a floodplain is fertile and rich which is helpful for farming. However, floodplains are also susceptible to flooding, which can be bad for farming
400
What happens to a riverbed over time? Be specific.
The river bed will erode, forming channels and a valley, and a delta will form at the mouth of the river from deposition.
500
Identify two differences between a jetty and a breakwater.
A jetty is a rock structure that is built perpendicular to the shore, where as a breakwater is parallel to the shore. Also, jetties help reduce the effects of deposition, where as breakwaters help to control erosion.
500
Identify two positive effects and two negative effects of deposition.
Deposition can build landforms (delta/beaches) and can provide nutrients. However, deposition can also fill in waterways or carry toxic pollutants.
500
Describe the process of forming a beach.
A beach is formed when erosion and deposition are in balanced. Sediments are eroded and carried by the river down to the ocean. The sediments at the mouth of the river may end up being transported down to the beach by the longshore current.
500
Name a method that helps control either erosion or deposition and identify both an advantage and a disadvantage of its use.
dredging jetties breakwaters seawalls
500
Calculate the mean, median, and mode of the following data: 7.4, 7, 7.8, 7.7, 7.4
mean = 7.46 or 7.5 median = 7.4 mode = 7.4
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