Weathering General Info
True or False:
Weathering breaks rocks into smaller pieces
True!
Weathering is the process by which natural forces break down rocks.
page 115
True of false:
Soil is a mixture of weathered rock and other materials
True!
page 122
True or false
Soil is a necessary resource
True!
page 132
True or False
Weathering happens at the same rate
False! Weathering happens at different rates!
page 120
True or false
True!
True of False
Mechanical Weathering does not involve physical forces
False! Mechanical weathering is the breaking up of rocks by physical forces.
page 116
What are the 4 materials that compose soil?
Weathered rock, organic matter, water, air
page 123
What is desertification?
Desertification is the expansion of desert conditions where natural plant cover has been destroyed.
What example did the book give of chemical weathering?
A stone monument from Egypt was chemically weathered in New York in about 100 years.
page 119
True or false:
Mr. Art's birthday will be in this month?
True!
January 31st!
What is:
Exfoliation
Exfoliation is the process in which layers or sheets of rock gradually break off from where they were.
page 116
True or false!
Microorganisms play a small part in the composition and weathering of soil
False! All organisms, including microorganisms impact the soil, often adding air to the makeup of soil making it better at draining water.
page 126
Name one way to protect and conserve soil.
Crop Rotation, the practice of growing different crops in the same field at different times to replace nutrients. Nitrogen is a good example of a nutrient that is rotated in soil.
Conservation Tillage, reducing the number of times fields are tilled or plowed in a year. Frequently moved soil is more likely to be washed or blown away.
page 135
What type of pollution can make rainwater even more acidic?
Air pollution can make rainwater more acidic. sulfur dioxide and nitric acid in the air, produced by power plants react with water to create acid rain.
page 119
How many classrooms does our Poly campus have?
10 classrooms
What is:
Abrasion
Abrasion is the process of wearing down by friction.
(Friction is two or more surfaces rubbing against one another)
page 116
What is the word for decaying organic matter in soil?
Humus (hyoo-mus) is the word for the decaying organic matter in soil.
page 123
Please describe one of the following:
Terracing
Contour Plowing
Windbreaks
*You may draw a picture if you need to*
Terracing, flat step like areas built on a hillside to hold rainwater and prevent water from running downhill.
Contour Plowing, plowing along the curves or shapes of a slope. Contours help channel rainwater so that it doesn't carry soil downhill.
Windbreaks, rows of trees planted between fields to reduce winds that may carry away soil.
page 136
Using a rock as an example, what are the 3 major factors in chemical weathering?
1. Surface area (size) of the rock
2. Rock composition (type of rock)
3. Climate (heat/cold, wet/dryness) of the area
page 120
How tall is Mr. Art?
Can be within 1 cm on either side
179cm
What is the main cause of chemical weathering?
Water is the main cause of chemical weathering!
Page 118
Soil Horizons are layers of different types of soil. (page 124) There may be several layers of soil horizons to help geologists understand _________
Soil profile.
A soil profile is the whole of soil horizons in a specific location.
page 124
How does mining increase the rate of chemical weathering?
Mining increases the rate of chemical weathering by exposing rock, minerals and soil to the air and rainwater. Some mining exposes sulfide minerals and can these sulfide minerals can mix with rainwater creating sulfuric acid.
page 134
Please name 2 of the 4 types of mechanical weathering we discussed.
1. Ice Wedging, frozen water expanding and cracking pores of rocks
2. Pressure Release, earth's natural forces pushing the rock until it is worn away or breaks. This process includes EXFOLIATION
3. Plant Root Growth, plant roots will slowly invade and create cracks in rocks
4. Abrasion, this is a process of reducing by way of friction. An example of this is moving water like in an ocean or a river that carries away small parts of rocks.
page 116
Is Mr. Art the eldest, youngest, or middle child? Or is he an only child?
Mr. Art is in the middle! He has an older brother and younger sister.