Relational Frames
Responding to events based on a quantitative or qualitative relationship, such as comparing things as "bigger and smaller" or "faster and slower"
Comparison Frame
This famous psychologist coined the term verbal behaviour
What is B.F Skinner
This instructional unit consists of an Antecedent, Response, Consequences.
What is a Learn Unit?
The bases of educational research using relational frame theory
Hint: M.E.T.
Multiple exemplar training
A manager paired an experienced employee with a new employee for training.
What is Peer Tutoring?
Requires understanding a specific dimension (like speed or size) and ordering things in equal but opposite ways from a reference point
Opposition
This theory was created to explain how humans develop complex language and cognition through learned relational responding, rather than relying only on direct conditioning or associative learning principles.
What is RFT
According to Chapter 17, this part of the Learn Unit is critical because it tells the learner whether their response was correct or incorrect.
What is Feedback (or the consequence)?
Research found that students taught using structured Learn Units mastered significantly more instructional objectives than students receiving traditional instructions.
What is a Learn Unit?
A student identifies similarities and differences between RFT and Interteaching, applies them to a real-world example, and then teaches their findings to a peer. This activity combines a Chapter 16 with a Chapter 17 instructional strategy.
What are relational frame theory and peer tutoring?
This involves relations of identity or similarity, essentially meaning that two things are the "same"
Coordination
Generalized bidirectional responding naturally emerges without the need for ________, for every reverse relationship
direct training
What is a science?
When students stop making progress, research suggest educators should analyze the cause of the learning plateau rather than simply continue using the same teaching strategy.
What is data-based decision making?
This occurs when the concepts of relational learning and peer tutoring are applied successfully in workplaces, sport, parenting, or other real world environments.
What is generalization?
involves responding to the simple differences between stimuli or events, (without necessarily specifying exactly how they are different)
Distinction
This term describes stimulus relations established entirely by social-verbal convention rather than physical properties, meaning the words used have no formal resemblance to the objects they represent.
arbitrary
Study 5 demonstrated that students can acquire skills without direct teaching when they observe a tutoring interaction. This finding supports the idea that learning can occur through this type of learning process.
What is observational learning?
Teaching the “opposite” is more complex as it requires you to understand a hidden dimension. True or False
True
Which of the following is arbitrary
A) Ask a child or a pet to pick the "bigger" one. They pick the nickel because it physically takes up more space.
B) Ask a human adult to pick the one that buys more candy. They pick the dime.
What is B
Require the learner to respond in accordance with the concepts of I-YOU, HERE-THERE, and NOW-THEN
Deictic
According to Relational Frame Theory, the basic property of bidirectional responding is known as
mutual entailment
A school wants to improve student learning outcomes. One proposal is to hire more experienced teachers. Another proposal is to increase opportunities for Learn Units, active responding, and feedback. Based on Chapter 17, the second proposal would likely be more effective because it focuses on this measurable aspect of instruction.
What is the quality and frequency of instructional interactions? (or frequency of Learn Units)
With the help of multiple-exemplar training, participants in research were able to master a diverse array of complex cognitive, relational, and academic skills without needing explicit instruction for every new scenario. True or False
True
Transformation of ______________.
This process occurs when the psychological meaning or emotional impact of a stimulus changes because it has been arbitrarily related to another stimulus, without any direct conditioning
What is Stimulus Functions