Premed
Why is O2 supplied prior to induction?
prevent hypoxia, respiratory depression is side effect of injectable anesthetics. O2 helps prolong period til this happens
This induction agent is a gaba receptor agonist. It is contraindicated in greyhounds due to pronounced cardiac depression & long recoveries.
thiopental
What part of the anesthesia machine can be used to check systems for leaks and monitor pressure when doing mechanical/manual ventilation?
pressure gauge
What 2 components of the anesthesia machine are unique to rebreathing systems?
CO2 absorber and unidirectional valves
When ventilation is attached to a patient, what should the pressure not go above?
10-12 cm H2O
What drug are boxers sensitive to? Additionally, this drug causes a decrease in PCV due to splenic sequestration of RBCs.
acepromazine
In what species should propofol not be used as CRI, and cannot have repeated doses?
cats
What is the formula to determine the size of a reservoir bag for a patient undergoing anesthesia?
4-6 x Tidal Volume (10-15 mL/kg)
What anesthetic agent is nephrotoxic in rats?
sevoflurane
What is the function of PEEP?
vatinoxan
This induction agent is ideal for patients with low cardiac reserve & hypovolemia, but should be avoided in animals with adrenal insufficiency.
What valve, when closed, can lead to pressure buildup and barotrauma if attached to patient?
APL valve
What is the formula for FGF in non-rebreathing systems?
BONUS: What size patient uses non-rebreathing systems?
FGF = Minute Volume x Circuit Factor
MV = tidal volume * RR
BONUS: <7-10 kg
How do you perform manual positive pressure ventilation in SA?
1. close pop-off (APL) valve & squeeze reservoir bag
2. squeeze bag for 1 second
3. ensure pressure doesnt go over 10-12 cm H2O
4. wtach chest inflation
5. open pop-off valve
This opioid can be used in animals as a cough suppressor.
butorphanol
What is an indication for the use of TIVA?
airway procedures
bronchoscopy
field procedures (horses, ruminants)
What endotracheal tube should be used when a patient needs to be positioned with its neck bent?
armored/reinforced ETT
What anesthetic agent causes rapid reversal in concentration gradient between gases in the lungs and alveolar circulation? It leads to potential hypoxia.
Nitrous oxide (N2O)
Which bellow system allows for easy detection of leaks or disconnection?
ascending/standing
Describe the biphasic hemodynamic effect of alpha-2 agonists.
Phase 1: peripheral vasoconstriction & hypertension with reflex bradycardia (~20 min)
Phase 2: BP returns to normal, bradycardia remains due to presynaptic CNS effects
What is MAC?
BONUS: What is MAC for isoflurane in dogs?
MAC is minimum alveolar concentration, and it is the concentration that prevents nonreflexive movement in 50% of subjects exposed to stimuli.
BONUS: 1.3 - 1.6
What tool can be utilized to check position of an ETT?
capnography
This plane block is used for a spay procedure.
quadratus lumborum block (QLB)
What consequence does IPPV have on the cardiovascular system?
decrease venous return and preload leading to hypotension