Uvea
iris cyst
A dog presents with suspected vision loss, bupthalmia, Haab's striae in both eyes, and a subluxation of the lens. What type of glaucoma is present?
chronic glaucoma
You are performing an eye exam on a 7 week old puppy. What color would you expect the tapetum to be?
blue
What features of the eye makes it susceptible to disease when primary disease is elsewhere in body?
high blood flow, microcirculation
Which of the following drugs will cause mydriasis?
a. prostaglandins
b. pilocarpine
c. demecarium bromide
d. atropine
D
This condition in cats can cause dyscoria, aniscoria, and spastic pupil syndrome.
feline leukemia virus
A golden retriever presents for "bicycle spoke wheels" on the lens. A tonometry evaluation reveals elevated IOP. What is most likely occurring?
secondary glaucoma due to pigmentary uveitis
An eye exam is performed on a dog. On examination of the back of the eye, white squiggly lines are present. What is occurring here?
retinal dysplasia
white folds are the non-tapetum, tapetum are dark folds.
Increased cholesterol results in: (2)
BONUS: what about increased triglycerides?
1. lipid keratopathy, 2. atherosclerosis
BONUS:
1. lipid-laden aqueous humor, 2. lipemia retinalis
What are the afferent and efferent arms involved in lacrimation?
afferent: CN V
efferent: CN VII
A cat presents to the clinic with an irritated right eye. On physical exam, the pupil is constricted, an aqueous flare is noted, and episcleral injection is visualized. Additionally, intraocular pressure is determined to be 8 in the right eye (RI: 15-25). What is most likely diagnosis?
anterior uveitis
What are the most common anti-glaucoma medications used today?
BONUS: What are they usually combined with?
BONUS: combined with beta-blockers (decreases IOP more)
4-yo Abyssinian cat presents to clinic for having vision issues. Owner states it started off as her having trouble seeing at night, but she has started running into things during the day as well. An eye examination reveals tapetal hyperreflectivity, mydriasis, and decreased PLRs. What is the most likely diagnosis?
progressive retinal atrophy (PRA)
where do initial cataract changes occur in the lens of a diabetic dog?
equator
A dog presents acutely blind but fundus appears normal and there are no neuro deficits. What diagnostic test should be performed? What is most likely diagnosis?
electroretinography
SARDs
A 2 year old Siberian husky presents with iridal depigmentation, bilateral uveitis, and retinal degeneration. IOP is taken and found to be 30 (RI 15-25). His nose has ulcers and has started to become pink in color (normally black in color). What is the most likely diagnosis?
uveodermatological syndrome
In what 2 scenarios should prostaglandin analogues (Latanoprost) not be used/used with caution?
1. pre-existing inflammation present
2. anterior len luxation
After performing a clinical exam on a cat you note a heart murmur. The client reveals they have been feeding her homemade food. An eye exam reveals cigar-shaped lesions dorsal to the optic nerve. What is likely occuring and how to treat?
taurine deficiency
correcting deficiency halts progress. cannot regenerate
A turtle presents with swollen eyelids, known as squamous metaplasia. What is likely occurring?
hypovitaminosis A
Localize the lesion.
Miosis, ptosis, enopthalmos, elevation of 3rd eyelid.
sympathetic denervation - Horner's syndrome
A 6-mth old cat presents for an eye evaluation. It has been on anti-inflammatories with poor response. An examination of the back of the eye reveals "mutton fat" keratic percipitates and fibrinous exudate in the anterior chamber. What is the most likely diagnosis? BONUS: What should be used to treat?
Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP)
BONUS: remdesivir
A cat presents to the clinic because owner noticed her eye looking weird. She has lost the clear space in front of her iris. Her iris seems to be pushing against her lens. What is the most likely diagnosis?
BONUS: How to treat?
Aqueous misdirection glaucoma
BONUS: beta-blockers (caution in cats with cardiopulmonary dz), CA inhibitors, or surgically remove lens
What drug results in diffuse retinal degeneration in cats?
fluoroquinolones
What disease incites vasculitis in target tissues, including ocular hemorrhage?
rickettsial diseases
Localzie the lesion.
Menace negative OS, dazzle negative OS, mid-range reactive pupils OU, normal PLRs OU. Reduced palpebral reflex. Reduced tear production. Lip droop.
CN VII deficit