Hierarchy & Phylogeny
What is the taxonomic unit at any level of classification called?
A taxon
Protists belong to which domain of life?
Eukarya
Which group of protists has two flagella and causes “red tides”?
Dinoflagellates
Fungi that grow as single cells are called what?
Yeasts
The threadlike structures that make up a fungus are called what?
Hyphae
What is the difference between a clade and a paraphyletic group?
A clade includes an ancestor and all descendants; a paraphyletic group leaves some descendants out.
What structure do protists have that prokaryotes do not?
A nucleus
What material makes up the glass-like walls of diatoms?
Silica
Which group of fungi includes bread mold?
Zygomycota
What do we call a dense mass of hyphae?
Mycelium
What type of group consists of unrelated species without a common ancestor?
Polyphyletic group
Which structure does an amoeba use for movement?
Pseudopodia
Which protists produce a large amount of Earth’s oxygen?
Diatoms and algae
What process in fungi involves fusion of cytoplasm but not nuclei?
Plasmogamy.
What are cross-walls in hyphae called?
Septa
what type of group includes a single, common ancestor and some of its descendants
A paraphyletic group
What do we call a protist that can both photosynthesize and ingest food?
Mixotroph
Dinoflagellates move using what structures?
Two flagella
Mycorrhizae form a mutualistic relationship with plant roots. What do fungi give plants?
Minerals and water
What is the fungal reproductive structure we see above ground?
fruiting body or sporocarp
What type of group consists of Ancestor + ALL descendants
monophyletic group
Are protists more closely related to prokaryotes, or plants and animals?
Plants and animals
Kinetoplastids have a unique DNA-containing structure inside their mitochondria. What is it called?
A kinetoplast
Lichens are made of a fungus and which other organism?
A photosynthetic partner (algae or cyanobacteria)
What is the name of the nuclear fusion stage in the fungal life cycle that produces a diploid zygote?
Karyogamy