Monday
What is a dendrite?
List the 4 Anterior Axio-appendicular muscles
Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor
Subclavius
Serratus anterior
What is TART
Tissue texture change, Asymmetry, Restriction, Tenderness
How many axons does a Schwann cell wrap?
1
What innervates serratus anterior?
Long thoracic (C5, C6, C7)
How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?
31
In general terms, what is a winged scapula?
A dysfunction of a muscle attaching to the scapula that causes it to shift from its normal position (example was serratus anterior in QOD)
Compare physiologic vs anatomic vs restrictive barriers
- what pt can actively move a joint
- what physician can passively move joint (structural limiting anatomy)
- lies before the physiologic barrier in somatic dysfunction
What type of conduction does myelin sheaths allow for and what type of channels are heavily concentrated at the Nodes of Ranvier?
Saltatory conduction and Na channels
What innervates subclavius?
Subclavian n. (C5, C6)
What types of Neuroglia are found in the PNS?
Schwann cells and Satellite cells
What is the preferred vein for venipuncture?
Median cubital vein
What are the 5 roots and 5 branches of the brachial plexus
C5-T1, Musculocutaneous, axillary, radial, median, and ulnar
Where are the cell bodies for sensory, motor, and sympathetics located in the spinal cord?
Dorsal horn, lateral horn, and ventral horn
Mnemonic for axillary artery branches?
What is the Nissl substance?
Clumps of rER for protein synthesis
Contrast lumpectomy vs quadrantectomy vs total mastectomy
Lumpectomy - only removing tumor
Quadrantectomy - tumor and significant amounts of surround tissue
Mastectomy - entire breast down to pectoral fascia
How many sections of the axillary artery are there, where are the anatomical divisions of each section, and what branches off of them
1 - lateral border of 1st rib and medial pec minor - superior thoracic
2 - medial border of pec minor to lateral border of pec minor - lateral thoracic a. and thoracoacromial a.
3 - lateral pec minor to inferior teres major - subscapular, anterior circumflex humoral, posterior circumflex humoral
Describe the sensory pathway from sensation to cerebral cortex
1st order neuron --> spinal cord --> 2nd order neuron --> crosses over in spinal cord --> up to thalamus --> synapse with 3rd order neuron in thalamus --> primary sensory cortex (post central gyrus)
What is Erb's palsy and Klumpke's palsy?
Erb's - upper brachial plexus injury
Klumpke's - lower brachial plexus injury
What are lipofuscin granules?
Debris filled vacuole from the broken down contents of lysosomes. Lipofuscin granules build up in non-dividing cells. Also called the "wear-and-tear pigment"
Describe the superficial venous drainage of the upper limb starting at the dorsal venous network.
See Powerpoint
Describe the boundaries of the axilla
See powerpoint
Describe the motor nerve pathway from cerebral cortex to innervation site
Precentral gyrus (primary motor cortex) --> UMN --> Medulla (crosses over at inferior medulla --> spinal cord --> synapse with LMN --> release ACh for response
Myotome assessment main actions of C5-T1?
C5 - shoulder abduction
C6 - Elbow flexion
C7 - Elbow extension
C8 - Wrist flexors
T1 - hypothenar muscles (intrinsic hand muscles)