Skin, Hair, and Nails
3 functions of the skin.
What is protection, perception/sensation, regulates temp, absorbs & excretes some metabolic wastes, produces vitamin D, wound repair, communication, identification?
Bluish mottled color from decreased perfusion.
What is cyanosis?
Mechanical dysfunction of external or middle ear (e.g., impacted cerumen, foreign bodies, perforated TM, pus in middle ear).
What is conductive hearing loss?
Sinus located near the cheekbones.
What is maxillary sinus?
Fungal tongue infection, common in babies, and leads to oral thrush/overgrowth.
What is oral candidiasis?
Primary skin lesion that is fluid filled & < 1 cm.
What is a vesicle?
Linear breaks in the skin often down to the dermis; often result from excessive xerosis.
What is fissures?
People whose cilia lining ear canal become coarse and stiff and cerumen is drier due to atrophy of apocrine glands. Also, presbycusis is often seen in this group of people.
What is older adults?
Explain the 4 tonsil grades.
What is 1+ Visible, 2+ Halfway between tonsillar pillars and uvula, 3+ Touching uvula, and 4+ Touching each other.
3 consequences of dental caries.
What are decreased self-esteem, effects speech, pain, poor academic performance and school attendance, and is associated with an increased risk for heart disease?
Desiccated plates of keratin (fibrous structural proteins of the epidermis) results from increased shedding and proliferation.
What is scale (ichthyosis)?
Type of secondary lesion that is dried exudate composed of serum, blood, or pus.
What is crusts?
Weber test in which sound lateralizes to the "poorer" ear indicates this.
What is conductive hearing loss?
Explain the difference between a deviated septum and a septal perforation.
What is a deviated septum is in the airway of the nostril and septal perforation has a hole in the septum.
Name the process/steps of getting dental caries.
What is teeth erupt, are colonized with cariogenic bacteria, bacteria metabolize carbohydrates, acid created as a byproduct, and demineralization.
Thickening of the epidermis with exaggerated skin markings; caused by chronic scratching.
What is lichenification?
Type of primary lesion that is raised, solid, has distinct borders, extends deeper in the dermis, & is > 1 cm.
What is a nodule?
Holds the sensory organs for equilibrium & hearing. Vestibule communicates with the cochlea which houses CN VIII vestibulocochlear semicircular canals responsible for balance.
What is the labyrinth?
Pale nasal turbinates and shiners indicate this.
What is allergic rhinitis?
Clear fluid that moistens & lubricates the food bolus, starts digestion, & cleans and protects mucosa.
What is saliva?
2 answers: Infected hair follicle and a collection of these infected hair follicles
What is furuncle and carbuncle?
Skin color of people with lower levels of melanogenesis.
What is light-skinned people?
Ringing, crackling, or buzzing in your ears. Can seem louder at night.
What is tinnitus?
Turbinates erythematous and boggy. Yellow/green/white discharge.
What is acute rhinitis.
Name 2 ways to prevent dental caries.
What is fluoride, limiting carb intake, choosing less cariogenic foods, good oral hygiene, and access to regular dental visits?