Delirium and Dementia
What is the most common type of dementia?
Alzheimer's dementia
What is the most commonly used stimulant in the world?
Caffeine
What receptor does naltrexone act upon?
Mu opioid receptor
Name 4 symptoms of a panic attack:
Dizziness, disconnectedness, derealization (unreality), depersonalization (detached from self)
Palpitations, paresthesias
Abdominal distress
Numbness, nausea
Intense fear of dying, losing control, or “going crazy”
Chills, chest pain
Sweating, shaking, shortness of breath
This is the intense fear of being in public places:
Agoraphobia
Describe delirium.
disturbance of consciousness, altered cognition, acute in onset, with “waxing and waning” symptoms
What severity level of substance use is associated with 6/11 criteria?
Severe (6 or more criteria)
Naltrexone is approved for the treatment of what two substance use disorders?
Name 3 commonly diagnosed specific phobias?
Animals – spiders, insects, dogs, snakes, mice
Natural environment – heights, storms, water
Situational – elevators, airplanes, enclosed spaces, buses
Blood-injection-injury – needles, injections, blood, invasive medical procedures, injuries
SSRIs (would accept therapy/CBT as alternative first line modality)
Name 3 medications that can cause delirium:
hypnotics, narcotics, anticholinergics, lidocaine, amiodarone, H2 blockers, steroids, NSAIDs, propranolol, digoxin, lithium, metoclopramide, and levodopa
This is the psychoactive component of cannabis or marijuana:
THC (tetrahydrocannabinol)
What are the two components to "Suboxone"?
buprenorphine and naloxone
This is the length of time required for diagnosis of separation anxiety in children and adolescents:
4 weeks or more
Prazosin
Name the pathologic finding in frontotemporal dementia:
Aggregates of tau protein (TDP-43)
This neurochemical is associated with pleasure and the reward pathway leading to substance use:
Dopamine
What tobacco cessation treatment has the best outcomes?
Varenicline (Chantix) at 50% success rate
What is the DSM-5 definition of "time-consuming" in regard to obessions in OCD?
>1hour/day
This is a rare condition characterized by failure to speak in specific situations for at least 1 month, despite the intact ability to comprehend and use language:
Selective mutism
What type of dementia is associated with tremor, abnormal LFTs, and corneal deposits?
Wilson's disease
To be "in remission" according to the DSM-5, an individual has not met criteria for substance use disorder for how long?
12 months
Disulfiram works by inhibiting a rate limiting step toward processing ethanol to acetate, leading to a build up of what substance?
Acetaldehyde
Symptoms of PTSD that develop within 1 month of trauma lead to what disorder?
Acute stress disorder
What is the rate of suicidal ideation in OCD?
50%