Neurotransmitters
Communicates between nerves and muscles
Acetylcholine
Feeling of tension, nervousness, apprehension, or fear that usually involves unpleasant reactions to a stimulus, whether actual or unknown.
Anxiety
Abrupt cessation of these drugs may lead to a withdrawal syndrome characterized by nausea, headache, vertigo, malaise, and nightmares.
Benzodiazepines
Sudden discharge of excessive electrical energy from nerve cells located within the brain, which leads to a
Seizure
Difficulties in performing intentional movements and extreme slowness or sluggishness
Bradykinesia
Important in arousal and sleep, as well as in preventing depression and promoting motivation
Serotonin
Drugs that are used to lyse or break the feeling of anxiety.
Anxiolytic
Antidote for Benzodiazepines
Flumezanil (Romazicon)
Therapeutic serum phenytoin levels range
10 to 20 mcg/mL.
In Parkinson's Disease therapy is aimed at restoring the balance between the declining levels of
Dopamine
Involved in the coordination of impulses and responses, both motor and intellectual.
Dopamine
The loss of awareness and reaction to environmental stimuli.
Sedation
Risk of addiction and dependence is greater; adverse effects are greater than sedative-hypnotic drugs
Barbiturates
Adverse effects of Hydantoins
severe liver toxicity, bone marrow suppression, gingival hyperplasia
Treatment of choice for Parkinson disease.
Levodopa
Inhibits nerve activity and is important in preventing overexcitability or stimulation such as seizure activity.
Gamma-aminobutyric acid or GABA
Used to help people fall asleep by causing sedation.
Hypnotics
The most common adverse effects of Barbiturates
CNS depression
CNS effects may include drowsiness, somnolence, lethargy, ataxia, vertigo, a feeling of a “hangover,” thinking abnormalities, paradoxical excitement, anxiety, and hallucinations.
Most common adverse effects associated with benzodiazepines
Depression, confusion, drowsiness, lethargy, fatigue, constipation, dry mouth, anorexia,
Responsible for controlling the functions of the human body, analyzing incoming stimuli, and integrating internal and external responses
Nervous System
The most frequently used anxiolytic drugs, prevent anxiety without causing much associated sedation.
Double points if you can name one.
Benzodiazepines
Phenobarbital level
10-40
Suddenly stopping Benzodiazepines can lead to
Physical dependence and withdrawal syndrome