Connective Tissue
This specialized dense regular connective tissue connects muscle to bone.
What is a tendon?
This type of epithelium consists of a single layer of flattened, scale-like cells ideal for rapid diffusion and filtration.
What is simple squamous epithelium?
The most abundant cell type in the epidermis, responsible for producing a tough protective protein.
What are keratinocytes?
This region of the brain serves as the body’s primary thermoregulatory center and control center for the endocrine system.
What is the hypothalamus?
The cognitive milestone typically achieved around 8–9 months where an infant understands that objects continue to exist even when out of sight.
What is object permanence?
Unlike epithelial tissue, connective tissue is generally characterized by a large proportion of this non-cellular material relative to cells.
What is the extracellular matrix (ECM)?
This epithelial cell type, named for its cup-like shape, is a unicellular exocrine gland that secretes mucin.
What is a goblet cell?
This deepest layer of the epidermis consists of a single row of stem cells constantly undergoing mitosis.
What is the stratum basale?
When body temperature rises above normal, skin blood vessels undergo this process to release heat to the environment.
What is vasodilation?
This is a temperature regulation behavior for heat generation that babies are unable to perform due to immaturity of neuromuscular pathways.
What is shivering?
Adipose tissue contains these specific specialized cells that store triglycerides in a large single lipid droplet (white fat).
What are adipocytes?
This mode of exocrine secretion involves the entire cell rupturing and dying to release its product (e.g., sebaceous glands).
What is holocrine secretion?
This epidermal layer is present only in thick skin, such as the palms of the hands and soles of the feet.
What is the stratum lucidum?
Chemical messengers secreted directly into the bloodstream by endocrine glands to act on target tissues.
What are hormones?
This acronym is a quick health assessment for newborns, given at 1 and 5 minutes after birth (and up to 20 minutes if scores are low)
What is an APGAR score?
This resident connective tissue cell is responsible for synthesizing and secreting collagen and extracellular matrix components.
What is a fibroblast?
Specialized apical structures on simple columnar cells in the small intestine that dramatically increase surface area for absorption.
What are microvilli (or the striated/brush border)?
These exocrine glands produce watery sweat directly onto the skin surface to assist with thermoregulation across most of the body.
What are eccrine sweat glands?
Inside this specific area/part of the body is known as the most ideal location to measure core body temperature, however to do so is very invasive.
What is right pulmonary artery?
Jean Piaget’s first stage of cognitive development (birth to age 2), where infants learn about the world through movement and sensory impressions.
What is the sensorimotor stage?
Loose (areolar) connective tissue contains these two main types of protein fibers produced by fibroblasts: one provides strength, the other provides stretch and recoil.
What are collagen fibers and elastic fibers?
This specific stratified tissue appears multilayered when relaxed, but thins and stretches when distended in organs like the urinary bladder.
What is transitional epithelium (or urothelium)?
Mechanoreceptors located deep in the dermis or hypodermis that detect deep pressure and high-frequency vibration.
What are Pacinian corpuscles?
This mechanism of metabolic heat production in newborns relies on specialized brown adipose tissue rich in mitochondria.
What is non-shivering thermogenesis?
This is the final stage of Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development, usually occurring from 11 years old and onward.
What is the Formal Operations stage?