Creepy Crawlers
Which arthropod class includes fleas and flies, known for three pairs of legs and a single pair of antennae?
Insecta
Fipronil blocks GABA-gated chloride channels. What species should never be treated with it, and why?
Rabbits; causes neurotoxicity and seizures due to GABA blockade
What diagnostic method best detects fluke eggs, and why won’t standard fecal floats cut it?
Fecal sedimentation; eggs are too dense to float
Enveloped viruses are fragile in the environment. How are they usually transmitted?
Direct contact or via vectors
What’s the main difference between innate and adaptive immunity in terms of speed and specificity?
Innate: rapid & broad; Adaptive: slow but highly specific
During which life stage do flies cause myiasis
Larval stage
Which Isoxazoline can be given both orally and topically, and what neurologic adverse effect might occur?
Fluralaner (Bravecto); seizures or ataxia
Which nematode produces round, thick-shelled, pitted eggs that look like a golf ball?
Toxocara spp
Which DNA virus family is the rebel that replicates in the cytoplasm?
Poxviridae
Which immune cell acts as the bridge between the innate and adaptive systems by presenting antigen to T-helper cells?
Dendritic cells (APCs)
Ticks and mites belong to which arthropod order—and how many pairs of legs do adults have?
Arachnida; 4 pairs (8 legs)
Permethrin, a pyrethroid, kills ticks and flies..but why must ___(certain species) steer clear?
Cats can’t metabolize it (lack glucuronyl transferase); causes tremors and seizures
How do dogs and cats acquire Dipylidium caninum?
Ingesting infected fleas containing cysticercoids
During replication, the eclipse period refers to what?
The interval after entry but before new virions are detectable
What’s an opsonin, and give one key example?
A molecule that enhances phagocytosis; antibody (IgG) or complement proteins (C3b)
A herd of cattle develops itchy bald patches and visible white nits on hairs during winter. Which lice group is most likely responsible, and what do they feed on?
Sucking lice (Anoplura); blood feeders
Imidacloprid, a neonicotinoid, prevents ____ from biting. What receptor type does it target?
fleas, Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (agonist effect)
Which feature identifies Taeniid eggs under the microscope?
Striated shell and oncosphere with six hooks
Which antiviral is a guanosine analog that halts viral DNA synthesis after activation by a viral enzyme?
A. Oseltamivir
B. Zidovudine
C. Acyclovir
D. GS-441524
C. Acyclovir
In rabies post-exposure prophylaxis for an unvaccinated , what provides passive immunity?
Rabies Immunoglobulin (HRIG)
Name the tick behavior that makes them tiny serial stalkers—and the transmission type they most often cause.
Questing behavior; biological transmission
A horse treated with an organophosphate starts drooling, trembling, and defecating uncontrollably. Which antidotes can save the day?
Atropine
Which ruminant tapeworm has triangular eggs with pyriform apparatuses?
A. Dipylidium caninum
B. Moniezia spp.
C. Taenia saginata
D. Echinococcus granulosus
B. Moniezia spp.
A +sense RNA virus can immediately begin translation after uncoating, but a –sense RNA virus cannot. What enzyme must the latter bring along?
RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
Why are newborn animals dependent on colostrum antibodies, and what type of immunity is this?
They have immature adaptive systems; passive immunity