strain theory
This American sociologist first created strain theory in 1938
who is Robert K. Merton
This theory suggests that individuals make decisions by weighing costs and benefits in order to maximize their personal advantage and achieve the best possible outcome.
What is Rational Choice Theory
This theory suggest crime levels are closely associated with changing lifestyles
What is Routine Theory
This theory says certain stresses or pressures increase the likelihood that someone will commit crime.
What is Strain Theory
Strain Theory helps explain why males appear more often in crime statistics because they are more likely to respond to stress by doing this.
What is externalizing their emotions through violence or criminal behavior?
This criminologist revised strain theory in 1992
Who is robert agnew?
This Nobel Prize–winning economist is credited with popularizing Rational Choice Theory in modern economics and social sciences.
Who is Gary Becker?
This occurs where increased guardianship in one area simply moves crime to another area
What is Crime Displacement
A student feels pressure to get high grades but did not have enough time to study, so they decide to cheat on the test.
What is a situation explained by Strain Theory?
A person decides to steal a wallet after considering the possible reward of money and the risk of getting caught by the police.
What is a criminal decision based on Rational Choice Theory?
Failing to achieve something important, like not making a sports team even after trying hard, is an example of this type of strain.
What is the inability to achieve positively valued goals?
This 18th-century economist argued that self-interest is the primary engine of economic behavior and that individuals pursuing their own interests drive markets forward.
Who is Adam Smith?
According to Felson, crimes in the United States did this during the 1960s
What is tripled
A student thinks about skipping class to go out with friends but decides not to because they might miss important material and lose marks.
What is a situation explained by Rational Choice Theory?
A person wants money and success but cannot find a good job, so they start selling drugs to get what they want.
What is a crime explained by Strain Theory?
According to Agnew what gender is more likley to commit crime
What is a male
This is the year Gary Becker won the Nobel Prize and helped popularize Rational Choice Theory in modern economics and social sciences.
What is 1992?
Felson used this term to describe youth who became increasingly disconnected from adult supervision due to changes in education, work, and technology
What is out of sync?
A person leaves their laptop unattended in a busy café, and someone nearby takes it when no one is watching
What is a situation explained by Routine Activity Theory?
A thief steals a bike that was left unlocked outside a store while the owner is inside.
What is a crime explained by Routine Activity Theory?
According to General Strain Theory, females are more likely to respond to strain with depression, fear, guilt, and shame, which often leads to this type of coping behavior instead of violent crime.
What is internalizing their emotions (or self-destructive coping)?
This famous metaphor by Adam Smith describes how individuals pursuing their own self-interest can unintentionally benefit society through the natural workings of the market.
What is the Invisible Hand?
This freedom resulted in greater opportunities for youth to get into trouble
What is absence of supervision
These two criminologists developed Routine Activity Theory in 1979, explaining that crime occurs when a motivated offender, a suitable target, and the absence of a capable guardian come together.
Who are Lawrence Cohen and Marcus Felson?
Among Rational Choice Theory, Strain Theory, and Routine Activity Theory, this theory is most commonly used to explain how everyday opportunities and lack of guardianship can lead to crime.
What is Routine Activity Theory?