Risk Factors
General Anesthesia is loss of what?
Which type of adjunctive med is used for pain control, has SE of resp. depression, hypotension, constipation, and can be reversed with Naloxone.
Opioids
Inhalation and IV
Which classification of adjunctive can cause respiratory depression, requires higher doses and tend to end in -pam.
Benzodiazepines
Name a risk factor for a geriatric patient undergoing anesthesia.
Increased mortality rate
Greater risk for infection
Decline kidney function
Liver Function
Slower reponse to changes
What is it called when you start to give drugs to make the pt go to sleep?
Induction
Name a type of IV general anesthesia.
Hypnotics (Propofol)
Benzo (End in -pam)
Opioids (Morphine, Fentanyl, Alfentanil)
Dissociative (Ketamine)
Which type of adjunctive med has a drying effect, causes urinary retention, and a decreases in BP.
ex: Oldanzetron
Antiemetics
Local Anesthesia is a loss of what?
Sensation but NOT consciousness
Name a risk factor for someone that is obese going under anesthesia.
Other comorbities (HTN, High cholesterol)
Breathing Problems
Pressure on diagram
Resedating
What is the name of the scale used to assess sedation level with opioid meds?
Pasero Opioid-Induced Sedation Scale
What is a common ending for inhaled general anesthesia?
-flurane
Which type of adjunctive meds paralyzes skeletal muscles, makes it so the pt cannot breathe, no other effects and CANNOT be given by themselves?
Ex: Succinylcholine
Neuromuscular blockers
Name an example of when Local/Regional anesthesia would be used.
Sutures, abscess removal, dental, giving birth (epidural)
Name 2 risk factors for alcoholics undergoing anesthesia
Underreport
Might need more pain meds/anesthesia
Liver function
Withdrawal (can give lorazepam)
Name the difference between monitored anesthesia care and moderate sedation
Monitored Anesthesia Care: Has to be given by anesthesia care provider. May have to go to general anesthesia.
Moderate Sedation: IV drugs only. Pt is groggy but can maintain their own airway. Nurse can administer under physician orders.
What is the name of the most widely used IV anesthetic?
It wears off quickly/works quickly
No analgesic effect
Can cause bradycardia and hypotension
Has an increased risk for infection
Highly abused to help people sleep
Propofol
Which type of adjunctive med takes 20 seconds to work, duration of 10 minutes, not good analgesic effect, no amnesic effect, and can cause respiratory depression.
Ex: Methohexital
Barbiturates
Advantages of Local/Regional Anesthesia
Less SE
Less pain meds
Don't have to worry about airway
Can be combined with epinephrine and lidocaine