Modern America/JC
The primary goal of Manifest Destiny was the
a) abolition of slavery in territories held by the United States
b) removal of European influence from South America
c) expansion of the United States westward to the Pacific Ocean
d) secession of the Southern States from the Union
c) expansion of the United States westward to the Pacific Ocean
During the late 1800's, a major purpose of pools, trusts, and holding companies in United States business practice was to
a) reduce competition
b) promote socialist parties
c) share management skills
d) lower corporate income taxes
a) reduce competition
Which aspect of life during the 1920's most likely caused the decade to be called the "Roaring Twenties"?
a) technological improvement
b) social change
c) political reform
d) territorial expansion
b) social change
In the 1930s, one factor that accounted for westward migration of farmers from the Great Plains was
a) high farm prices
b) new technologies
c) the Dust Bowl
d) the baby boom
c) the Dust Bowl
a) work on the development of an atomic bomb
b) increase economic production to meet wartime demands
c) defend New York City against a nuclear attack
d) recruit men for the military service
a) work on the development of an atomic bomb
The Homestead Act (1862) attempted to promote development of western lands by
a) creating a system of dams for crop irrigation
b) providing free land to settlers
c) removing all restrictions on immigration
d) placing American Indians on reservations
b) providing free land to settlers
During the period 1865-1900, government contributed to the growth of corporations mainly by
a) giving them direct aid when they went bankrupt
b) allowing them to develop with few restrictions
c) providing low-cost housing for their workers
d) buying large amounts of corporate stocks
b) allowing them to develop with few restrictions
Which situation helped cause the stock market crash of 1929?
a) excessive speculation and buying on margin
b) unwillingness of people to invest in new industries
c) increased government spending
d) too much government regulation of business
a) excessive spending on the margin
Which statement best summarizes President Herbert Hoover's approach to the Great Depression?
a) The Federal Government should provide substantial relief to the unemployed
b) High unemployment is good for the economy
c) Unemployed workers should be patient because prosperity will eventually trickle down to them
d) Helping the unemployed poor should be the first concern of governments
c) Unemployed workers should be patient because prosperity will eventually trickle down to them
During World War II, women and minorities made economic gains mainly because
a) a shortage of traditional labor created new opportunities in the workplace
b) more educational opportunities increased the number of skilled workers in these groups
c) labor unions successfully demanded equal opportunities for these groups
d) new civil rights legislation forced businesses to change their hiring practices
a) a shortage of traditional labor created new opportunities in the workplace
Which provided the legal basis for racial segregation in late 19th. century United States?
a) Supreme Court decision that excluded blacks from voting
b) adoption of laws from the United States Congress
c) passage of "Jim Crow" laws by the state legislatures
d) laws in northern states that prevented blacks from working in factories
c) passage of "Jim Crow" laws by the state legislatures
Which situation resulted from the laissez-faire economic policies followed by the Federal Government between the Civil War and 1900?
a) Government regulation of prices in the oil and steel industries benefited consumers
b) Employers used their financial gains to improve wages and working conditions for their employees
c) Trusts and monopolies were created by entrepreneurs to maintain control of the market
d) Lower tariffs stimulated foreign trade and promoted the sale of United States goods abroad
c) Trusts and monopolies were created by entrepreneurs to maintain control of the market
A major reason for the emergence of a "consumer culture" during the 1920's was that
a) The Federal Government encouraged labor to unionize
b) enforcement of antitrust laws resulted in higher prices
c) minimum-wage laws expanded buying power
d) advertising and installment payments encouraged buying
d) advertising and installment payments encouraged buying
A major difference between the New Deal and the policies followed by earlier administrations was that the New Deal
a) emphasized and encouraged rugged individualism
b) advocated socialism as a solution to problems at the time
c) provided the government with a more active role in the economy
d) was able to eliminate discrimination in employment
c) provided the government with a more active role in the economy
The immediate cause of United States entry into World War II was that the United States
a) had to fulfill its collective security agreements with Western European nations
b) felt it necessary to defend the principle of freedom of the seas
c) suffered a direct military attack
d) was ready to use its superior military and atomic capabilities
c) suffered a direct military attack
The poll tax, literacy test, and the actions of the Ku Klux Klan were all attempts to limit the effectiveness of
a) the 14th. and 15th. amendments
b) The Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education
c) civil rights legislation passed in all states after the Civil War
d) immigration laws such as the Gentleman's Agreement and the Chinese Exclusion Act
a) the 14th. and 15th. amendments
"Jane Addams Opens Hull House"
"Jacob Riis Photographs Tenement Residents"
"Ida Tarbell Exposes Standard Oil Company"
These headlines represent efforts by individuals to
a) support business monopolies
b) improve depressed urban areas
c) solve problems of American farmers
d) correct abuses of the Industrial Revolution
d) correct abuses of the Industrial Revolution
The prohibition of alcoholic beverages, the Scopes Trial, and the passage of the National Origins Act all occurred during the 1920's. These events are evidence that during this decade
a) the reform spirit of the Progressive movement was as strong as ever
b) relations between blacks and whites began to improve
c) there was a conflict between old and new American ideals
d) the country was more receptive to socialist ideas
c) there was a conflict between old and new American ideals
Which goal of the New Deal resulted in the establishment of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) and the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)?
a) preventing the recurrence of conditions that contributed to the Great Depression
b) helping low-income citizens by redistributing wealth
c) stimulating consumer demands by creating jobs
d) aiding business recovery with government subsidies
a) preventing the recurrence of conditions that contributed to the Great Depression
Following World War II, the Nuremburg Tribunal established the principle that
a) citizens charged with war crimes must be given a trial in their home country
b) only a nation's leader can be charged with war crimes
c) military leaders are more responsible for war crimes than civilian authorities are
d) obedience to the nations wartime policies does not excuse guilt for crimes against humanity
d) obedience to the nations wartime policies does not excuse guilt for crimes against humanity
In the early 20th. century, which policy for the advancement of African Americans was favored by W.E.B. DuBois and the newly formed National Advancement of Colored Peoples (NAACP)?
a) mass migration to Northern cities
b) immediate action to end segregation and win equal rights
c) establishment of a new republic in Africa for freedom
d) emphasis on advancement over social equality
b) immediate action to end segregation and win equal rights
The Populist Movement of the 1890's can best be described as a
a) political coalition of farming interests directed against banking and railroad interests
b) trade union movement located in major eastern cities
c) reform movement seeking to eliminate urban poverty and slums
d) political interest group desiring a war with Spain to protect the United States' interests in Cuba
a) political coalition of farming interests directed against banking and railroad interests
After World War I, why did American farmers fail to share in the general economic growth of the United States?
a) Many immigrants were settling in the west and competing with the farmers
b) The Federal Government reduced the number of acres in which farmers could grow subsidized crops
c) Farmers could not produce enough to keep up with demands
d) Overproduction and competition caused failing prices
d) Overproduction and competition caused failing prices
Republican opponents of President Franklin D. Roosevelt criticized the New Deal program on the grounds that it
a) spent more money than was being taken in
b) weakened the power of the executive branch
c) failed to include labor legislation
d) promoted the ideas of laissez-faire economics
a) spent more money than was being taken in
For the United States, a major difference between the period following World War I and the period following World War II is that after World War II the nation
a) developed its role as a world leader
b) adopted a policy of isolationism
c) suffered a serious economic depression
d) rejected membership in a world peacekeeping organization
a) developed its role as a world leader