Madd
What are the Madd letters?
Alif sakinah preceded by a fatha
Waaw sakinah preceded by a dommah
Yaa sakinah preceded by a kasrah
What are the idghaam letters?
(يرملون)
What is Hamzatul Wasal?
The connecting hamzah, is an "extra" hamzah at the beginning of the word, sounded when starting a word, dropped when continuing from a previous word. It has come about because we can't pronounce a word that starts with a sukoon.
List the cases when Raa is light
1. when Raa has a kasra
2. When Raa is sakinah and preceded by a kasrah
3. When Raa is sakinah and preceded by a sakin then a kasrah
4. When Raa sakinah is preceded by a Yaa sakinah (Yaa is the mother of kasrah)
Is the Istiatha a part of the Quarn?
أعوذُ بِٱللَّهِ مِنَ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنِ ٱلرَّجِيمِ
The istiatha is not a part of the Quarn but rather a Dua and can be said in different ways.
We do Madd Iwad when stopping on every letter with fatha-tain ( ً) except the letter...?
(ة) Taa Marbutah
(ه) WHY? Because on stopping it changes into a
What is the sign of complete merging on the next letter?
a shaddah
e.g. مَرفُوعَةٍ مُّطَهَّرَة
When do we begin Hamzatul wasal with a fatha?
When pronouncing the definite particle "ال" which means "The".
Is Raa read heavy or light in this word and WHY?
مِرصَادًا
The Raa is read heavy because it follows the heavy rule cases- when raa is sakinah and before it is a kasrah and after it is a heavy letter without kasrah in one word.
What is Hams and what are the hams letters?
Hams means whisper and it is the continuous flow of breath when pronouncing the letter due to the vocal cords being open and not vibrating.
The letters are: فحثه شخص سكت
What is the rule when stopping on the word خَوفٍ ?
Madd Leen Arid Lisukoon- 2, 4 or 6 counts
Why does غ and خ have the weakest level of اظهار?
Because they are the closest to ن compared with the other throat letters.
How do we begin Hamzatul wasal in verbs?
We look at the third letter:
If it is a fatha or kasrah, we begin with kasrah
If it is a dommah, we begin with a dommah
What letters can be read heavy and/or light?
1. Raa
2. Madd Alif
3. The Laam in the word Allah
A presented sukoon is one that is added to the end of words when stopping.
What Madds fall under the natural Madd: مَد طَبِيعَي ?
Madd Tabeei
Madd Iwad- on stopping only
Madd Silah Sugrah - on joining only
7 Alifs - on stopping only
What is meant by the term incomplete merging?
ادغام ناقص
When the articulation point fully merges into the next letter but not all of the characteristics merge, some stay like Ghunnah.
e.g. مَن يَعمَل
How do we begin Hamzatul wasal in this NOUN?
ٱمْرُؤٌا۟
We begin all hamzatul wasal in nouns with a KASRAH
What is the rule of Laam Lafz Al Jalalah in the word Allah?
When the Laam in the word Allah is preceded by a dommah or fatha, it is pronounced heavy. If it is preceded by a kasrah, it is pronounced light.
The word ءَادَم was originally pronounced...?
أَأْدَم
What is the rule and Madd count in the word هَاؤُمُ ?
Madd wajib Muttasil, 4 or 5 counts.
What is the difference between iqlaab and ikhfaa3 shafawee?
They follow the same mechanism but with the Iqlaab the meen is only pronounced but not written and in Ikhfaa3 shafawee the meem is both pronounced and written.
How do you pronounce this word?
ائتُوا
ائتُوا
we begin Hamzatul Wasal with a kasrah ( as the third letter has a presented dommah)
We have Madd Badal when starting this word, so we change the 2nd hamza to a madd yaa to suit the kasrah
List the cases when Raa is heavy
رَ
رُ
َرْ
ُ رْ
َ ْ رْ
ُ ْ رْ
ِ رْ (خص ضغط قظ) ُ/ َ
In one word
What are the 7 Alifs?
أناْ , لكناْ , الظنوناْ , الرسولاْ , السبيلا, سلاسلا, قواريراْ