Mitosis
The first stage of mitosis.
What is Prophase?
The *fancy* name for cells that are produced during Meiosis.
What are gametes?
The name for the shape of a two-stranded DNA molecule.
What is the double helix?
In the first step of protein synthesis, small pieces of DNA are "transcribed" into this molecule.
What is mRNA?
When a single nucleotide is added into a DNA molecule.
What is an insertion?
The stage of mitosis in which chromosomes line up.
What is metaphase?
The event that takes place during Prophase I of Meiosis that increases genetic diversity.
What is Crossing Over?
Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, Uracil, and Thymine.
What are the five Nitrogenous Bases?
The part of the cell where protein synthesis occurs.
What are ribosomes?
When a strand of DNA is flipped and read in the opposite direction.
What is an inversion?
The event that occurs after telophase.
What is cytokinesis?
An individual with two of the same alleles for one gene.
What is a homozygote?
What is a nucleotide?
The molecule that has an anticodon on one end and an amino acid on the other.
What is tRNA?
When an insertion or deletion occurs that is not in multiples of 3 nitrogenous bases.
What is a frame shift mutation?
A condition in which mitosis is not regulated, leading to excessive and unregulated cell reproduction.
What is cancer?
An individual with two different alleles for one gene (Aa).
What is a heterozygote?
The enzyme that splits the DNA molecule in half for DNA replication.
What is DNA Helicase.
The parts of the DNA molecule that do NOT go through protein synthesis.
What are introns?
When a mutation results in either a new stop codon or the removal of a start codon.
What is a nonsense mutation?
**Double Jeopardy: The three events that must occur during this stage.
Interphase!
What are cell growth, DNA replication, and checking to make sure the cell is ready to divide?
A cell that has two copies of each chromosome.
What is diploid?
The average number of N bases in the human genome.
**Double Jeopardy: How many Poughkeepsie Libraries would that fill?
What is 3.3 trillion?
**About 12
The amino acid at the beginning of every protein (abbreviation accepted).
What is Methionine (Met)?
When a mutation results in a new amino acid being produced.
What is a missense mutation?