Growth & Development
Age does a child typically begin to walk independently?
What is 12 - 15 months?
This congenital heart defect is characterized by a hole between the two upper chambers of the heart.
A) Tetralogy of Fallot
B) Patent ductus arteriosus
C) Atrial septal defect
D) Ventricular septal defect
What is C) Atrial septal defect?
This condition is characterized by inflammation of the small airways, typically seen in infants and young children, often caused by a respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).
A) Asthma
B) Croup
C) Bronchiolitis
D) Pneumonia
What is C) Bronchiolitis?
Which of the following is a typical sign of impetigo in a child?
A) Vesicular lesions with a honey-colored crust
B) Itchy red patches on the elbows and knees
C) Painful, swollen joints with a fever
D) Blistering rashes on the palms and soles
What is A) Vesicular lesions with a honey-colored crust?
his condition is characterized by a deficiency in red blood cells or hemoglobin, leading to decreased oxygen delivery to tissues, and is commonly seen in children of African descent.
A) Iron-deficiency anemia
B) Sickle cell anemia
C) Thalassemia
D) Hemophilia
What is B) Sickle cell anemia?
Which of the following is a major milestone in cognitive development for a 2-year-old child?
A) Ability to speak in complete sentences
B) Ability to recognize and label colors
C) Ability to understand the concept of object permanence
D) Ability to perform basic mathematical operations
What is C) Ability to understand the concept of object permanence?
Which of the following signs is commonly seen in a child with congestive heart failure?
A) Weight loss and dehydration
B) Fatigue and shortness of breath
C) Excessive hunger and irritability
D) Pale skin and excessive hair growth
What is B) Fatigue and shortness of breath?
Which of the following signs is most commonly seen in a child with asthma during an acute exacerbation?
A) Deep, productive cough
B) Inspiratory stridor
C) Wheezing and difficulty exhaling
D) Cyanosis and tachypnea
C) Wheezing and difficulty exhaling?
Which of the following is a common sign of a fracture in a young child?
A) Excessive bruising around the fracture site
B) Crying and refusal to use the injured limb
C) Swelling and erythema without pain
D) Decreased pulse in the injured extremity
What is B) Crying and refusal to use the injured limb?
n children with iron-deficiency anemia, which of the following is the most common cause?
A) Excessive blood loss
B) Nutritional deficiency
C) Autoimmune disorder
D) Genetic mutation
What is B) Nutritional deficiency?
At which age does a child typically start to develop a "stranger anxiety" response?
A) 1-3 months
B) 6-8 months
C) 12-15 months
D) 24-36 months
What is B) 6-8 months?
In this condition, there is a narrowing of the aorta, often leading to high blood pressure in the upper extremities and low blood pressure in the lower extremities.
A) Coarctation of the aorta
B) Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
C) Transposition of the great arteries
D) Tricuspid atresia
What is A) Coarctation of the aorta?
This respiratory condition is commonly associated with a barking cough, inspiratory stridor, and is often caused by a viral infection.
A) Asthma
B) Cystic fibrosis
C) Croup
D) Epiglottitis
What is C) Croup?
Which type of fracture in children is most likely to result in a bent bone rather than a complete break?
A) Greenstick fracture
B) Spiral fracture
C) Comminuted fracture
D) Transverse fracture
What is A) Greenstick fracture?
Which of the following interventions is most important for a child with sickle cell anemia during a pain crisis?
A) Applying ice to the affected area
B) Administering oxygen as prescribed
C) Restricting fluids to reduce swelling
D) Providing pain relief with narcotics
What is D) Providing pain relief with narcotics?
Which of the following is a common psychosocial development characteristic of an adolescent (12-18 years old)?
A) Concrete thinking and inability to think abstractly
B) Strong sense of identity and concern for peer acceptance
C) Egocentrism and difficulty in separating from family
D) An interest in developing close relationships with younger children
What is B) Strong sense of identity and concern for peer acceptance?
Which of the following medications is most commonly prescribed for children with heart failure to help improve heart function and reduce fluid buildup?
A) Furosemide
B) Prednisone
C) Ranitidine
D) Digoxin
What is A) Furosemide?
A nurse is educating the parents of a child with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) about home care. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?
A) Avoiding all contact with other children for 6 months
B) Administering antibiotics as prescribed
C) Using a cool mist vaporizer to relieve nasal congestion
D) Restricting fluid intake to avoid overhydration
What is C) Using a cool mist vaporizer to relieve nasal congestion?
A child is diagnosed with a fungal infection of the feet, commonly known as "athlete’s foot." The nurse should educate the child’s parents on which of the following interventions?
A) Keeping the feet dry and using antifungal cream
B) Applying a topical antibiotic ointment twice daily
C) Keeping shoes moist to allow for quicker healing
D) Soaking the feet in vinegar to treat the infection
What is A) Keeping the feet dry and using antifungal cream?
A child with iron-deficiency anemia may show which of the following signs and symptoms?
A) Pallor, fatigue, and irritability
B) Swollen joints and pain
C) Frequent infections and bruising
D) Hematuria and oliguria
What is A) Pallor, fatigue, and irritability?
At what age does a child typically develop the ability to engage in cooperative play, form friendships, and understand the concept of rules in games?
A) 2-3 years
B) 3-5 years
C) 5-7 years
D) 7-12 years
What is B) 3-5 years?
Which of the following is a common symptom of Kawasaki disease in children?
A) Red, cracked lips and strawberry tongue
B) Sudden weight loss and vomiting
C) Edema of the lower extremities
D) Tachycardia and chest pain
What is A) Red, cracked lips and strawberry tongue?
Which of the following is a hallmark sign of an acute asthma attack in a child?
A) Hypoxia with hyperventilation
B) Coughing without wheezing
C) Increased work of breathing with chest tightness
D) Fever and chills
What is C) Increased work of breathing with chest tightness?
A child with this condition may have a limp, swelling, and pain around the site of an injury, and an X-ray confirms a fracture. The nurse is preparing for the application of a cast. Which of the following should the nurse include in the post-casting care instructions?
A) Keep the cast wet to promote healing
B) Elevate the extremity to reduce swelling
C) Massage the cast to prevent stiffness
D) Remove the cast if it becomes itchy
What is B) Elevate the extremity to reduce swelling?
What is a key nursing consideration when caring for a child with leukemia who is undergoing chemotherapy?
A) Preventing exposure to infections
B) Encouraging a high-protein diet
C) Promoting frequent physical activity
D) Monitoring for signs of hyperglycemia
What is A) Preventing exposure to infections?