Origins of Corporations
This ancient civilization is credited with the first large-scale commercial enterprises resembling corporations
What is Roman Empire or Mesopotamia?
The first major monopoly in the 19th Century United States was created by these two companies.
What are Union Pacific Railroad and Central Pacific Railroad?
In the 20th century, corporations began to explicitly focus on this metric as their primary goal.
What is shareholder value.
Corporate scandals like Enron and WorldCom led to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act that protected investors against what?
What is fraudulent financial reporting by corporations?
This whistleblower revealed internal documents showing Facebook's awareness of its platforms' negative impacts on mental health and democracy.
Who is Frances Haugen?
During the Roman Empire, Caesar used what pre-corporate organization to collect taxes to fund its wars?
What is societas?
The British East India Company gave rise to these two major mechanisms for accelerating corporate profits and wealth accumulation.
What are the joint stock and the stock exchange?
This term describes corporations whose influence and resources rival those of nation-states.
What is multinational corporations?
This 2010 Supreme Court decision allowed corporations to spend unlimited amounts on political campaigns.
What is Citizens United v. FEC?
This capitalism and governance model replaces shareholder primacy to benefit more constituents.
What is stakeholder capitalism?
Medieval corporations originated in this business sector to pool resources and spread risk.
What is trade or shipping?
This 19th Century company revolutionized the terms of human employment and ultimately dehumanized human labor.
What is Ford Motor Company?
The most valuable corporate assets in today's economy.
What is IP or data?
The top two reasons corporate ventures fail or fall.
What is overextension and mismanagement?
Over-reliance on this type of business practice, focusing on quarterly earnings, undermines long-term growth.
What is short-termism?
This charter company is considered one off the first multinational corporations
The first US Supreme Court case to establish the legal principle of "corporate personhood" that shielded executives more broadly from liability for corporate actions.
What is Santa Clara County v. Southern Pacific Railroad Company (1886)?
Facebook was originally launched in 2004 under this name.
What is TheFacebook?
The practices of corporations that overstate their environmental initiatives or racial equity initiatives.
What is greenwashing or whitewashing?
The main reason that corporations today perpetuate forced labor, child labor, and enslavement around the globe.
What is corporate incentives to profit from moving into lowest-cost supply chains and labor pools.
The Medicis used this innovative financial tool to circumvent usury laws and conduct international trade without physical currency exchange.
What is a bill of exchange?
The federal law designed to curb the anti-competitive practices by large corporations in the Gilded Age.
What is the Sherman Antitrust Act?
As Facebook generates the majority of its revenue from ads, its ability to target ads is powered by what?
What is collection of user or personal data?
This Facebook philosophy encouraged rapid and disruptive innovation.
What is "move fast and break things"?
Ben Heineman mantra that predominates his book on the Inside Counsel Revolution.
What is high performance - high integrity?