Physical Geography
The peninsula in northern Europe occupied by Norway and Sweden
What is the Scandinavian peninsula?
ancient Greek city-state and rival of Athens, had a militaristic state
What is Sparta?
Rome's first true emperor
Octavian Caesar Augustus
political system in which nobles are granted the use of lands that legally belong to their king, in exchange for their loyalty, military service, and protection of the people who live on the land
What is feudalism?
Between 334 and 323 B.C.E. he conquered the Persian Empire, reached the Indus Valley
Who is Alexander the Great?
longest river in Europe
What is the Volga river?
A democratic Greek polis who accomplished many cultural achievements
What is Athens?
This included the Senate and 2 consuls
What was Rome's republic?
Trade it or raid it would be their motto, if they had one
Who were the Vikings?
He founded many Greek-style cities, and spread Greek culture across the Middle East.
Who is Alexander the Great?
vast area of flat or gently rolling land from France to Russia with the most fertile farmland.
What is the North European plain?
(431-404 BCE) The war between Athens and Sparta that in which Sparta won, but left Greece as a whole weak and ready to fall to its neighbors to the north.
What is the Peloponnesian War?
Roman general who became the republic's dictator in 45 B.C. Murdered on the Senate floor on March 15th, 44 BCE
Who was Julius Caesar?
"Holy Wars" fought to reclaim the HOly Land from the Muslims, but also motivated by power and wealth
What are the Crusades
disease brought to Europe from the Mongols during the Middle Ages. It killed 1/3 of the population and helps end Feudalism.
What is the Bubonic Plague aka Black Death?
A mountain range that extends along the border between France and Spain, cuts the Iberian peninsula off from the rest of Europe
What are the Pyrenees mountains?
A series of wars between the Greeks (mainly Athens) and the Persians in which the Greeks were usually victorious.
What were the Persian Wars?
Name an internal cause of the fall of Rome
weak leadership, economic problems, inflation, disease (both)
"rebirth"; following the Middle Ages, a movement that centered on the revival of interest in the classical learning of Greece and Rome
What is the Renaissance?
During this Crusade, the Christian Crusaders decided to sack the Christian cities of Zara and Constantinople, instead of reconquering Jerusalem
Fourth Crusade
body of water by Mediterranean Sea that touches the borders of Greece & Asia Minor. The Ancient Greeks sailed and traded extensively throughout this sea
What is the Aegean sea?
an alliance headed by Athens that says that all Greek city-states will come together and help fight the Persians. Athens controlled the treasury and used that wealth to support its golden age
What is the Delian League?
What is the Byzantine empire?
What is a vassal?
A Renaissance intellectual movement in which thinkers studied classical texts and focused on human potential and achievements
What is Humanism?