Westward Expansion/
Populism 1
Populism 1
differing political movement representing the common person, working class, the underdog, etc.
Populism
a Democrat who defended Populists ideas ran in the election of 1896; known as the “Great Commoner.” He quickly developed the reputation as a defender of the farmer; gave “A Cross of Gold Speech”
William Jennings Bryan
Transcontinental Railroad merged here
Promontory Summit, Utah
The US army soldiers opened fire on the Sioux, massacring hundreds of men women and children; marked the definitive end of the Indian wars
Wounded Knee
the first law restricting Chinese immigration into the US for 10 years and later extended until 1943
Chinese Exclusion Act
monetary standard under which the basic unit of currency is defined by a stated quantity of gold and which is usually characterized by the coinage and circulation of gold; benefits the wealthy
Gold Standard
Cattle Trail path created by Joseph McCoy from Texas to Abilene, Kansas
Chisolm Trail
term coined by John L. O’Sullivan; God’s wish that man expand West and Settle all of North America
Manifest Destiny
led the Sioux to victory over the US Army 7th Calvary Regiment at the Battle of Little Bighorn
Sitting Bull
Indians are forced to drop traditions, practices, beliefs, and become completely absorbed into mainstream white American society
Assimilation
monetary standard utilizing the free coinage of silver often at a fixed ratio with gold; benefits the farmers
Free Silver
invented by Joseph Glidden and ended the Open Range
Barbed Wire Fence
allowed for settlement of the West, open new markets for eastern manufactures, and brought relief to overcrowded eastern cities; built by Irish and Chinese
Transcontinental Railroad
Wovoka founded a spiritual movement where he prophesized the reuniting of the remaining Indian tribes of the West and Southwest and the banishment of all evil from the world
This authorized the federal gov’t to break up tribal lands sectioning them into individual plots; only those Indians who accepted individual plots were allowed to become US citizens; the objective was to assimilate Indians into mainstream US society by annihilating their cultural and social institutions
Dawes Act
also called the Patrons of Husbandry, was led by Oliver Kelly, organized to address the social isolation of farm life. They sponsored dances and gathering to attack the doldrums of daily life.
The Grange
Companies were awarded the contracts to build the Transcontinental Railroad
Union Pacific and Central Pacific Railroad
produced sleeper and dining cars to make travel more comfortable
Pullman Car Company
also known as Custer’s last stand, Colonel George Armstrong Custer and his battalion were defeated; marked the beginning of the end of the Indian Wars
Battle of Little Bighorn
Name given to mostly former slaves, from the south after the Civil War because of racial violence; settled in Colorado, Kansas, and Oklahoma
Exodusters
farmers wanted to create this to help with their debt
Inflation
He drove the golden spike that marked the completion of the coast to coast line
Leland Stanford
invented by George Westinghouse’ helped trains stop faster
Air Brake
series of conflicts between Native Americans and white settlers over land and natural resources in the West
Indian Wars
This parceled out millions of acres of land to settlers. All US citizens, including women, African Americans, freed slaves, and immigrants were eligible to apply for a 160-acre plot of land
Homestead Act