Events
What year did Rome fall to invading barbarians?
476 CE
DAILY 500!!!! What is the name of the Anglo-Saxon king who was defeated by his own cousin in 1066 at the Battle of Hastings?
DAILY 500!!!
King Harold II of England was defeated by his cousin, William the Conqueror of Normandy.
How was one's social class determined in the Middle Ages?
By birth
Who was responsible for managing a household?
The medieval ladies
DAILY 400!!!
The majority of the people in the Middle Ages were in what social class?
DAILY 400
Peasants!
In what year did William the Conqueror defeat England?
1066 CE
Who conquered England in 1066 and introduced a line of Norman kings to England?
William the Conqueror. He was the Duke of Normandy when he conquered England in 1066.
DAILY DOUBLE!!!
What is a fief?
DAILY DOUBLE!!!!
A grant of land that a king would give to his most important lords
What is the name of the Northern people group who made quick, fierce raids on European villages?
Seafaring warriors from Scandinavia called the VIKINGS
What virtue was extremely important in feudal hierarchy?
LOYALTY!
Europe lacked a central government because of what major event?
The Fall of Rome
In the MIddle Ages, who united much of Europe by re-establishing central rule?
Charlemagne (AKA Charles the Great)
DAILY DOUBLE!
Fill in the blank.
A _________ would give protection to a _________ in return for loyalty.
A LORD would give protection to a VASSAL in return for loyalty.
Remember: A lord was a noble who held land, and a vassal was a person granted possession of the land by the lord. In exchange for the use of the fief and protection by the lord, the vassal provided some sort of service and loyalty to the lord.
Which group of people grew powerful because of their new style of war that used knights on horseback?
The Franks (a Germanic people)
DAILY DOUBLE!
What code were knights expected to follow, and what did that code mean?
DAILY DOUBLE!
Code of Chivalry. Chivalry was a set of values and behaviors that mean the knight would be honorable, loyal, and respectful.
The Fall of Rome led to a lack of central government in Europe and an increase in attacks between groups of people. These conditions led to what type of social, economic and political system?
On Christmas Day in 800 CE, Pope Leo III did something monumental in order to receive military support. What did he do?
He crowned Charlemagne as the Holy Roman Emperor.
List three types of taxes that peasants had to pay to lords.
-head money (a fixed amount that had to be paid per taxypaying peasant)
-tallage (a tax paid to the lord at the lord's discretion)
-marriage fine (paid to the lord or church)
List three forms of military technology used in the Middle Ages.
Ideas:
-Stone walls
-Castle moat
-Knight armor
-trebuchet and catapults
-siege towers
-scaling ladders
-battering rams
Why did knighthood diminish in the 17th century?
Warfare changed due to the growing use of gunpowder and cannons. Knights who fought one-to-one on horseback were no longer effective.
What year did Charles the Great become the Holy Roman Emperor?
800 CE.
He was already king of the Franks from 768 to 814 and some knew him as the "King Father of Europe."
Clovis was an ambitious young warrior who became leader of the Franks in 481 at the age of 15. For 30 years he led the Franks. What is the name of his wife, and why is she important to remember?
Her name as Clothilda and she was a Christian. She urged him to be baptized into the Roman Catholic Church and this won favor with conquered people and built ties with the Byzantine Empire.
What do you call the poorest members of the peasant class who were forced to work on their lord's land and could not leave the land without permission?
A serf.
To become a knight in the Middle Ages, a young man had to complete three stages. What were the names of the first two stages?
Stage 1: Page (began at age 7 and served a knight)
Stage 2: Squire (began at 14, learned how to use weapons)
Stage 3: Knight (began at 18-21, given sword and land)
Describe Feudalism
Feudalism is a system based on loyalty and relationships which rose as a way to protect property and create stability,