Mesopotamia 1
Which two rivers were central to the development of Mesopotamian civilization?
Tigris and Euphrates
Who was the Babylonian ruler who created the first known code of laws in Mesopotamia?
Hammurabi
What was the primary purpose of the pyramids in ancient Egypt?
A tomb for their gods.
What is the belief in many gods?
Polytheism
What is a city-state?
Governments that functioned as an independent country
Who was at the top of the social hierarchy in Mesopotamia?
Kings, priests, landholders
What structures were built in the middle of Sumerian cities for government/religious activities?
Ziggurat
Which god was king of the Egyptian gods? Also the god of the underworld.
Anubis
How was the view of life after death different in Egypt than in Mesopotamia?
Egyptians believed in an afterlife, or life in the Other World. Mesopotamians did not.
What is a dynasty?
A series of rulers from a single family
What did the Sumerians discover by melting together certain amounts of copper and tin?
Bronze
Who led Mesopotamia in times of war?
Tough fighters were chosen in place of temple priests
What was the system of writing created by the Egyptians? What does this word mean?
Hieroglyphics " sacred carving"
Which civilization first used the plow?
Mesopotamians
What is cultural diffusion?
new ideas spreading from one culture to another
What was the system of writing created by the Sumerians? What did this word mean?
Cuneiform "wedge-shaped"
How did the Mesopotamians address the issue of unpredictable rainfall, ensuring they had water for their crops?
Irrigation systems
How were women treated in ancient Egypt?
Had most of the same rights as men
Could own property or propose marriage
Which civilization is credited with being the first world civilization?
Mesopotamians
Sumerians
What is a theocracy?
A type of government in which rule is based on religious authority.
What were three environmental challenges faced by the Mesopotamians?
Unpredictable flooding
Little to no rain
No natural barriers
Limited natural resources
How did the Sumerian civilization end?
The city-states were constantly at war and were eventually conquered.
What are three achievements of ancient Egypt?
Calendar
Calculated the 365-day year
Could measure heart rate
Splints for broken bones
Could treat fevers
Which civilization was eventually led by King Narmer?
Egypt
What was the writing surface used by Egyptians?
Papyrus