ASD
Two main categories of ASD
What is behavioral or cognitive theories and neurobiological theories?
Autism is a lifelong condition
True
Individuals with ASD have difficulties taking others’ perspectives.
What is Theory of Mind? (Or Mind Blindness)
When someone with ASD improves so much they no longer show significant symptoms of autism
What is optimal outcome?
What individuals show greater left:right asymmetry?
What is typically developing individuals?
Skills impacted with ASD
social, communication, and behavior skills
Autism's severities and symptoms vary
True
Individuals with ASD have difficulties adapting to different situations due to impairments in executive functions.
What is the Executive Dysfunction Hypothesis?
persistent deficits in social communication and social interactions in different contexts
What is ASD?
Individuals with autism or _____ have a relative rightward asymmetry?
SLI or developmental language impairment
The 4 types of influences that interact with each other during the individual’s development
What are environment, behavior, neural activity, and genetic activity?
Can someone with ASD improve their diagnosis?
True (Optimal outcome) they can improve their symptoms and function as TD peers their age
Individuals with ASD have a cognitive style different from those of typically-developing individuals that is more detail-specific than whole-picture focused.
What is Weak Central Coherence?
Outside influences that can affect the development of autism during pregnancy.
What is environmental risk factors?
infection, air pollution, pesticide exposure, nutritional factors
Accelerated rate of growth in the brains of individuals with ASD within the first year of life.
What is early brain overgrowth?
This is the number of genes that can be implicated in ASD.
What is 200-1000?
At birth, head circumference with ASD is larger than typically developing children
False
At birth head size is similar, if not smaller that TD children. End of first year of life it is significant larger.
Individuals with ASD’s brains are wired in such a way that they focus much more on systemizing and organizing.
What is Extreme Male Brain?
Spontaneous loss of genes between the parent and the offspring.
What are de novo losses?
One region of the brain involved in a Theory of Mind Task.
What is the temporal parietal junction OR superior temporal sulcus OR medial prefrontal cortex OR precuneus?
2 Debunked associative factors for ASD.
What are vaccines, socioeconomic status, race/ethnicity, obstetric and perinatal factors?
Autism is associated with vaccines, particularly MMR vaccine.
False
follow up research never found an association
Individuals with ASD’s brain circuitry do not have as many neural pathways as typically developing peers.
What is Under-connectivity Theory?
These types of studies helped us figure out that the factors in the environment can play a role in the development of ASD.
What are twin studies?
These may be linked to failure of Theory of Mind (ToM) regions to engage or the reduced communication between ToM regions.
What are mentalizing deficits?