Indirect Realism
Uses the time it takes for information to reach the brain as a argument against direct realism
The Time-Lag Argument
A general category of thinking that denies that there is an mind-independent reality.
What is "anti-Realism"?
What is "Justified"?
Believes that there is a world with this relationship to the mind.
He uses the argument from Necessary Truths to argue that some of our knowledge is Innate.
Locke's suggestion of what the mind is like when we are born.
What is a tabula rasa?
What is the Master Argument?
His essay initiated a whole new field tasked with understanding why JTB are "jointly insufficient" for knowledge.
Who is Edmund Gettier?
What is directly, primarily or immediately perceived?
The fancy term for "you can't tell them apart using the senses"
What is "subjectively indistinguishable"?
Those qualities which cause ideas we can know to belong to mind-independent objects.
What are Primary Qualities?
He denies this distinction from Locke.
What is the Primary / Secondary quality distinction?
Where Brown is not.
What is Brest-Litovsk?
or
What is Boston?
What are Hallucinations?
"a priori" and "a posteriori" describes this.
What are how we gain knowledge?
Some might argue that Indirect Realism leads too easily into this philosophically sceptical position.
What is Solipsism?
Idealism might be challenged by the distinction between these and hallucinations or illusions.
what are veridical experiences.
He is the author associated with the Fake Barn County example.
Who is Alvin Goldman?
His was the argument against Direct Realism which exploited the experience of warm water on cold hands versus cold water on warm hands.
Who is John Locke?
He argues that the "best hypothesis" to explain our experience is that there's an mind-independent world.
Bertrand Russell.
She is our thinker related to Covariance
Who is Catherine Trotter Cockburn?
Berkeley uses this to suggest that ideas and experiences are of an entirely different nature than what they are meant to be caused by and therefore we cannot use them to give information about them.
What is the Likeness Principle?
Zagzebski suggests we should first decide whether Knowledge is this so we can then attempt to find its necessary and sufficient conditions. Water is an example.
What is a natural kind?
His was the argument using the colour of clouds against Direct realism.
Who is Berkeley?
Zagzebski suggests this as what knowledge does in relation to reality.
What is "cognitive contact with reality"