Vocab
Erosion and Weathering
The GTS
Rock Layers
Types of Fossils
100
Evidence of past life on earth.
What is a Fossil?
100
How did the Grand Canyon form?
The Colorado River slowly eroded the sedementary rock, carving out a canyon.
100
The GTS stands for what.
The Geological Time Scale
100
How is sedimentary rock formed?
Sediments are layered up and then compressed under more sediments over thousands of years.
100
True or False: only animals can become fossils.
False: any living organism like plants and animals.
200
After pieces of the Earth are carried by erosion they are dropped somewhere else.
What is deposition?
200
Describe how a glacier can wear down a mountain.
A glacier is a slow moving river of ice. Sand and rocks stuck to the bottom of the ice rub agaist Earth's surface, like a mountain, and slowy wear it down like a giant piece of sand paper.
200
These special fossils are found all over the world and are used to help date other less common fossils.
What are Index Fossils
200
True or False: The higher the rock layer, the older the rock layer.
False. The oldest rock layers are deeper and the newer are on top.
200
True or False: an imprinted ourline of a shell is an example of a mold fossil.
True
300
The process of broken down pieces of Earth being moved.
What is erosion?
300
Describe the process of "ice wedging" and how it can break apart large rocks.
Water seeps into a small crack in a rock and freezes. When it freezes it expands making the crack wider. More water seeps in and the process continues until the rock breaks.
300
The GTS is used to find the ______________ age of rock layers.
What is "Relative"
300
Which 
Layer Z
300
Give Two examples of trace fossils.
Nest, eggs, footprints, burrows, droppings.
400
The process by which Earth's surface is broken down into smaller pieces.
What is weathering?
400
True or false: wind can cause machanical erosion by abrasion.
True
400
These events are used to separate Periods in the GTS and are marked by the disapearence of certain fossils.
What are mass exstinctions.
400
Layer D.
400
Fossil evidence of how an animal lived, but not a part of the animal it's self is called ______________ ________.
Trace Fossils
500
The branch of science that studies fossils of animals and plants.
What is Paleontology?
500
3 examples of machanical weathering.
Ice wedging, Water erosion, glacier abrasions, wind abrasion, tree roots
500
They are relativly the same age.
500
Layer V
500
Describe how a bone becomes petrified.
Mineral saturated water is obsorbed into the bone. As the bone decays and the water evaporates the minerals are left behind in the shape of the bone.