Which European Empire?
Which empire created a trading post empire in the Indian Ocean using armed fortresses like Cannanore, India?
Who is Portugal?
What two maritime innovations allowed Europeans to navigate the Indian Ocean trade network?
What is lateen sail and caravel?
What economic belief encouraged European states to accumulate wealth (like silver) and control colonial trade?
What is mercantilism?
What was the main reason the Native American population in Mexico drastically declined in the 16th century?
What is Lack of immunity to European diseases like smallpox?
What technology gave European powers a major advantage in military conquests and state expansion from 1450 to 1750?
What is gunpowder-based technology?
Which empire conquered Mexico and established silver mines using the mit'a labor system?
Who is Spain?
Which trade network relied heavily on environmental knowledge of seasonal monsoon winds to navigate key maritime routes?
What is the Indian Ocean Trade Network?
What labor obligation system did the Spanish adapt from the Incas to force Native Americans to mine silver?
What is the Mit'a system?
Which two crops from the Americas were introduced to Europe, causing European populations to grow?
What is Maize (corn) and potatoes?
Which African ruler of Ndongo led a famous resistance movement against Portuguese expansion?
Who is Queen Ana Nzinga?
Which Catholic empire focused on the North American fur trade and built trade alliances with Native Americans instead of sending massive settler populations?
Who is France?
What was a direct result of Portuguese armed fortresses being built along Indian Ocean trade routes?
What is a rivalry over the spice trade between Europeans and Muslims?
What term describes business entities that allowed European investors to pool money and share financial risks in overseas trade?
What is Joint-stock companies?
Who sat at the top of the Spanish colonial social hierarchy with the most political and economic power?
Who are the Peninsulares?
What were the armed conflicts in the Caribbean called where runaway enslaved people fought European forces for their freedom?
What are the Maroon Wars?
Which European power focused on establishing sugar plantations in the West Indies while building settlement colonies in North America?
Who is Great Britain?
Despite the arrival of European merchants in the Indian Ocean between 1450 and 1750, what economic pattern continued?
What is trade between Asian merchants continued as before?
What term describes the blending of traditional Native American customs with Catholic religious practices?
What is religious syncretism?
In the Spanish casta system, what were descendants of Spanish-born parents who were born in the Americas called?
What are Creoles?
What direct effect did the transatlantic slave trade have on West African kingdoms?
What is a gender imbalances leading to family restructuring?
Which Protestant maritime power prioritized trade profit over religious conversion, using its famous East India Company to dominate global shipping lanes?
Who is the Dutch?
What global trade system forced millions of Africans across the Middle Passage to work on plantations in the Americas?
What is Atlantic trading system?
What persistent cultural goal was shared by Spanish colonizers throughout their empire in the Americas?
What is converting Native Americans to Christianity?
What was a major long-term labor result of the decline in Native American populations?
What is European reliance on enslaved African labor on plantations?
What 1680 uprising in present-day New Mexico successfully expelled Spanish colonizers and Catholic priests for over a decade?
What is the Pueblo Revolt?