Bi/Multilingualism
A situation in which a second language is eventually added to a student's home language without replacing it
What is additive bilingualism
Label for students who are non-native language speakers
A POV in which the home language ELL is viewed as a problem that needs to be overcome
What is language-as-a-problem orientation?
Specifically designed instruction to meet the unique needs of a child with a disability guided by IDEA regulations
What is special education?
A situation in which a second language eventually replaces a student's home language
What is subtractive bilingualism?
An alternative label for ELLs that draws attention to the other language or languages in their linguistic repertoires, situates these learners in a continuum of bilingual development
A POV in which the home language is viewed as a strength
What is language-as-a-resource orientation?
Reclassification of a student from ELL status to fluent English proficient status
What is redesignation?
The development of proficiency in two languages at the same time
What is simultaneous bilingualism?
Describes a student who is a native speaker of the standard language spoken by the dominant group of a given society
What is language majority student?
Pedagogies that aim to address issues of power and social inequities through positive social transformations by sustaining linguistic, literate, and cultural pluralism in classrooms and schools
A term used to describe diversity across and within immigrant and ethnic groups
The development of proficiency in a second language after proficiency has been developed in the first
What is sequential bilingualism?
Describes a student who is a non-native speaker of the language spoken by the dominant group of a given society
What is language minority student?
Discourses that devalue ELLs home language and culture seeing them as a problem
What are assimilationist discourses?
A model for school improvement and for identifying students in need of special education involving 3 tiers of instructional support and intervention
What is response to intervention?
A term used to capture the broad range of students who are bi/multilingual or who are learning through more than one language
What is a multilingual learner?
Discourses that recognize ELLs home languages as a rich resource for helping them learn academic content
What are pluralist discourses?