Social Psychology
____ influence the formation of attitudes even when there are no strong pre-existing attitudes towards specific issues.
A. VALUES
B. MERE EXPOSURE
C. REFERENCE GROUPS
D. CONSENSUS
A. VALUES
What are considered the six basic emotions?
A. Love, hate, anger, guilt, pride, shame
B. Joy, anger, sadness, fear, disgust, and surprise
C. Happiness, anxiety, curiosity, frustration, hope, despair
D. Excitement, calmness, sorrow, laughter, boredom, envy
B. Joy, anger, sadness, fear, disgust, and surprise
During infancy, growth typically follows which two patterns?
A. Proximodistal and centrifugal
B. Cephalocaudal and proximodistal
C. Lateral and rotational
D. Medial and distal
B. Cephalocaudal and proximodistal
What is neuroplasticity?
A. The brain’s ability to produce new neurons only during childhood
B. The brain’s ability to change and adapt throughout life
C. A disorder involving emotional regulation
D. The process of forgetting emotional experiences
B. The brain’s ability to change and adapt throughout life
Who is considered the Father of Humanistic Theory?
A. Carl Rogers
B. Gordon Allport
C. Abraham Maslow
D. Raymond Cattell
C. Abraham Maslow
This involves efforts by one or more people to change the behavior, attitudes, or feelings of one or more others.
A. CONFORMITY
B. SOCIAL INFLUENCE
C. NORMS
D. VALUES
B. SOCIAL INFLUENCE
According to Fredrickson, positive emotions serve as:
A. A distraction from stress
B. A reinforcement for negative coping strategies
C. Antidotes that restore balance after stress
D. Barriers that suppress unpleasant feelings
C. Antidotes that restore balance after stress
The “shaken baby syndrome” primarily causes:
A. Muscle fatigue
B. Sudden infant death syndrome
C. Delayed motor skills
D. Brain swelling and hemorrhaging
D. Brain swelling and hemorrhaging
The vestibular system is primarily responsible for:
A. Processing smell and taste
B. Detecting sound vibrations
C. Maintaining balance and spatial orientation
D. Regulating sleep and arousal
C. Maintaining balance and spatial orientation
The “Formative Tendency” proposed by Rogers refers to:
A. The organism’s natural drive to regress to safety
B. The process of defending against anxiety
C. The development of habits through reinforcement
D. The individuals inner resources to grow and will reach their full potential under the right conditions.
D. The individuals inner resources to grow and will reach their full potential under the right conditions.
According to Fazio’s Attitude-to-Behavior Process Model, behavior is influenced by:
A. Past rewards only
B. Activated attitudes and relevant situational factors
C. Group norms
D. Personal appearance
B. Activated attitudes and relevant situational factors
When someone is motivated to pursue a goal because it personally matters to them and aligns with their values, it demonstrates:
A. Controlled motivation
B. Autonomous motivation
C. Avoidance motivation
D. Extrinsic motivation
B. Autonomous motivation
In Piaget’s theory, which process involves adjusting existing schemes based on new experiences?
A. Organization
B. Assimilation
C. Equilibration
D. Accommodation
D. Accommodation
Individuals with androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS):
A. Have typical male internal and external development
B. Have XY chromosomes but develop female external characteristics
C. Have XX chromosomes but develop male characteristics
D. Experience no hormonal effects during development
B. Have XY chromosomes but develop female external characteristics
If a person distorts compliments because they feel undeserving of praise, this represents which Rogers’ concept?
A. Denial of Positive Experience
B. Conditions of Worth
C. Disorganization
D. Functional Autonomy
A. Denial of Positive Experience
The central route to persuasion focuses on:
A. Emotional cues
B. Superficial attraction
C. Logical arguments and evidence
D. Authority influence
C. Logical arguments and evidence
According to Hope Theory, “pathways” refer to:
A. The emotional drive to reach a goal
B. The external factors that affect motivation
C. The strategies or routes to achieve one’s goals
D. The rewards given after success
C. The strategies or routes to achieve one’s goals
According to Erikson, children in middle childhood face the crisis of:
A. Initiative vs. Guilt
B. Autonomy vs. Shame
C. Industry vs. Inferiority
D. Identity vs. Role Confusion
C. Industry vs. Inferiority
Damage to the somatosensory cortex would most likely cause:
A. Difficulty in regulating hormone levels
B. Loss of emotional control
C. Impaired perception of touch, pain, and body awareness
D. Inability to recall visual memories
C. Impaired perception of touch, pain, and body awareness
Rogers defined incongruence as:
A. The overlap between the real self and the ideal self.
B. The defense mechanism that hides unacceptable impulses
C. The integration of self and organismic experience
D. The successful alignment of the real and ideal selves
A. The overlap between the real self and the ideal self.
According to cognitive dissonance theory, people may continue supporting a false belief because:
A. They enjoy conflict
B. They want to reduce psychological discomfort
C. They lack moral values
D. They are uninformed
B. They want to reduce psychological discomfort
Which statement best explains the relationship between hedonic and eudaimonic happiness?
A. They are opposites that cannot coexist
B. Hedonic happiness lasts longer than eudaimonic happiness
C. Eudaimonic happiness is purely emotional, while hedonic is moral
D. Both contribute differently but positively to overall well-being
D. Both contribute differently but positively to overall well-being
According to Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory, a child’s direct interactions with teachers and peers occur in the:
A. Macrosystem
B. Mesosystem
C. Microsystem
D. Exosystem
C. Microsystem
Negative feedback in homeostasis ensures that:
A. Physiological processes amplify until a threshold is reached
B. Hormones increase continuously with stress
C. Body systems operate independently
D. A stable internal environment is maintained by counteracting changes
D. A stable internal environment is maintained by counteracting changes
Cattell used the inductive method in his research to:
A. Test existing theories of behavior
B. Begin without preconceived notions and derive traits through data
C. Confirm psychoanalytic assumptions
D. Manipulate variables in controlled experiments
B. Begin without preconceived notions and derive traits through data