Urban Econ. Terms
"In general, there's a strong correlation between the presence of small firms and the later economic growth of a region."
What is the ‘racing men’ phenomenon?
A single major industry in (American) Rust Belt cities dominated by a few major players, and problematic local politics.
What is the housing stock?
"The Curley Effect illustrates the danger of ___, especially in cities where exit is easy."
What is 'ethnic politics'?
"_____ thrived as a hotbed of small innovators, many of whom focused on the new new thing, the automobile."
What is the Motor City?
Unlike Detroit, diverse cities like Boston, Milan, and New York encouraged competition and growth by investing in this to come back from economic hardships.
What are educational institutions?
An example of this is when industries save money on transport by clustering in cities.
What are agglomeration economies?
"In the 18th century, the ____ was America’s highway, the lifeline through which we traded with the markets of Europe and the Caribbean."
What is the Atlantic Ocean?
In 1975, this U.S. state established the Municipal Assistance Corporation to take over the city's finances and stop bankruptcy despite having some of the nation's highest taxes.
What is New York State?
Big, vertically integrated firms, such as the Big Three, drove this small entrepreneur from urban competition and Back Into The Future.
Who is John DeLorean?
"Rich traders are forgoing privacy for the knowledge that comes from __. In a sense, trading floors are just the city writ small."
What is proximity to people?
One smart idea generates others, such as the artistic renaissance in Florence.
What are intellectual explosions?
Goods were transferred between the larger boats that traversed the Great Lakes and the flatboats that plied the canal through this western terminus.
What is Buffalo?
This 1935 act helped workers in unions press for higher wages, more benefits, shorter hours, or other concessions, thus leading to the success of New York's garment workers and Detroit's auto workers for a short term.
What is the National Labor Relations Act?
The Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 allowed states to forbid the formation of closed shops, often in the South, and ultimately helped the industrialization of the Sunbelt.
What is right-to-work?
Frank Gehry's creation in Bilbao has lent credence to the view that cultural institutions can be successful by opening cities to global tourism.
What is the Guggenheim Museum?
This statistical tipping-point phenomenon is a result of police brutality and systemic exclusion, lower wages from jobs along with worse working conditions for young African Americans in cities like Detroit.
What are riots?
In 1981, Coleman Young and General Motors used this power of the government to build a new, high-tech factory in the ethnic neighborhood of Poletown.
What is eminent domain?
Former president of the Potomac Canal Company who "dreamed of connecting the Potomac and Ohio rivers before the battles of Lexington and Concord."
Who is President George Washington?
"Research by four economists found that in 3 out of 4 large cities, ___ barely increased revenues and led to dissipated economic activity."
What are higher tax rates?
Leipzig has reinvested in cultural strategy and green spaces by demolishing vacant homes as a part of its urban renewal plan, documented by the author as this vision.
What is 'shrinking to greatness'?
A bakery that bakes 2,000 cakes daily with ten ovens with ten employees purchases five more ovens and hires five more employees. If the production increases to 3,000 cakes a day, the business increases the output by 50% after increasing the input by 50%.
What is returns to scale?
This French commander's troop, also a moniker of the luxury automobile company, enabled Detroit's bootleg whiskey shipments to cross the water barrier between Canada and the United States.
Who is Antoine Cadillac?
"Brutal regimes that severely punish rioting have fewer riots, which may explain why democracies see more rioting than dictatorships, and the more progressive cities of the North had far more riots than Jim Crow South."
What is the phrase 'repression works'?
This economist argued that New York City's financial resilience came from the tradition of entrepreneurship of the apparel industry.
Who is Benjamin Chinitz?
"The Emperor Vespasian, who ruled Rome in the first century, created an aura of legitimacy with vast projects like the Colosseum." is an example of this phenomenon.
What is the edifice error?