Outward Bound Process Model
This educator and experiential learning advocate is credited with creating Outward Bound.
Who is Kurt Hahn.
This is the total number of Leave No Trace principles.
This type of risk, commonly found in adventure programming, is managed by instructors to create a safe learning environment.
What is real (or objective) risk?
This is the first stage in Tuckman’s model, where group members get to know each other and form initial impressions.
What is Forming?
This leadership style involves high directive and low supportive behavior, often used when followers are inexperienced.
What is telling or directing?
This type of learning, central to the OBPM, involves gaining knowledge and skills through participation in activities.
What is experiential learning?
To reduce erosion and impact, this principle tells hikers to travel and camp on these.
What are durable surfaces?
This type of risk is based on a participant’s feelings and beliefs about the danger involved, regardless of actual threat.
What is perceived risk?
This fifth stage involves wrapping up tasks and disbanding the group.
What is Adjourning?
When followers have some competence but lack commitment, leaders typically use this style with high support and some direction.
What is selling or coaching?
In the OBPM, this process allows learners to make meaning of their experiences and transfer it to daily life.
What is reflection?
This principle advises visitors to observe animals from a distance and avoid feeding them.
What is Respect Wildlife?
Psychologists Mihaly Csikszentmihaly coined this term for the state of optimal experience when challenge and skill are in balance.
What is flow?
Successful groups manage conflict effectively during this stage to move forward.
What is Storming?
This leadership style is best when followers are highly competent and committed, requiring low direction and support.
What is delegating?
This is the primary purpose of the Outward Bound Process Model.
To structure the stages of experiential learning in adventure programs.
According to DEC and Leave No Trace guidelines, this is the minimum distance in feet you should dispose of waste from campsites, trails, and bodies of water.
What is 200 feet?
This term refers to the potential for loss or injury, which must be assessed and mitigated in adventure education.
What is risk management?
The Performing stage is marked by this key characteristic, meaning the group works efficiently towards its goals.
What is high productivity or effective collaboration?
This skill is crucial for adventure leaders to effectively guide groups through uncertain and dynamic environments.
What is adaptability?
Of Kurt Hahn’s six identified "declines" of modern society, what are three of them?
What is:
Decline of Fitness
Decline of Initiative and Enterprise
Decline of Memory and Imagination
Decline of Skill and Care
Decline of Self-Discipline
Decline of Compassion
This practice, part of “Dispose of Waste Properly,” involves digging at least 6 to 8 inches deep for human waste.
What is digging a cathole?
This three-word phrase refers to the educational model where participants voluntarily choose their level of involvement in risk-based activities.
What is challenge by (or of) choice?
Open and honest communication is most likely to develop during this stage of group development.
What is Norming?
These two educators developed a leadership model, which suggests leaders adjust their style based on followers' readiness.
Who are Hersey and Blanchard?