Dispersal & Movement
The movement of individuals away from their birthplace or previous breeding site.
What is dispersal?
A metapopulation consists of these habitat units, which can be colonized or go extinct over time.
What are patches?
A complete count of every individual in a population.
What is a census?
This habitat selection concept assumes animals have perfect knowledge of habitat quality and have no competition or movement contraints.
What is the Ideal Free Distribution?
The metric that captures the overall relatedness of an individual to others in the population.
What is mean kinship?
This type of dispersal happens when an individual moves between breeding sites.
What is breeding dispersal?
This classic model describes metapopulations as a balance between colonization and extinction.
What is the Levins metapopulation model?
The Lincoln-Peterson estimator is an example of this type of population model.
What is a closed-population mark-recapture model?
According to the IFD, what should happen to individual fitness across all occupied patches?
What is equal fitness among individuals, regardless of patch quality?
The reduction in offspring fitness resulting from breeding with relatives.
What is inbreeding depression?
This idea was supported by Stamps' experiment, which demonstrated that juvenile Anolis lizards prefer to settle near other lizards.
What is conspecific attraction?
A metapopulation with one large, stable patch and several smaller patches is called this.
What is a mainland-island system?
This key component of abundance estimation accounts for imperfect sampling of a population.
What is detection probability?
Name two factors that could prevent a species from perfectly following an Ideal Free Distribution.
What are territoriality, predation risk, social dominance, or perceptual limits?
How genetic diversity changes in closed populations.
What is a decline?
When animals stay in or return to their birthplace to reproduce.
What is philopatry?
The change in the risk of extinction for a metapopulation as the number of patches increases.
What is a decrease?
Explain the difference between apparent survival and true survival.
What is that apparent survival does not distinguish mortality from emigration?
A habitat that appears suitable but actually reduces fitness, often due to human-induced changes.
What is an ecological trap?
The expected population trajectory for a population with a high proportion of older individuals.
What is a decline?
How an animal perceives and responds to its landscape at different spatial scales.
What is perceptual range?
Explain how increasing habitat heterogeneity within a patch affects population stability.
What is reduced population fluctuations and lower extinction risk?
This statistical approach estimates survival, abundance, and movement rates using mark-recapture data.
What is a Cormack-Jolly-Seber model? (Open population model)
The habitat selection process where individuals fill high-quality patches first, but later arrivals must settle in lower-quality patches.
What is the Ideal Preemptive Distribution?